Batear
Batear is an open-source acoustic drone detection system using ESP32-S3, MEMS mic, and LoRa or wired Ethernet/PoE.
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Project description
๐ Overview

Batear๋ ESP32-S3, MEMS ๋ง์ดํฌ, LoRa ๋๋ ์ ์ Ethernet/PoE ๊ตฌ์ฑ์ ์ด์ฉํ ์คํ์์ค ์ํฅ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ง ์์คํ
์
๋๋ค.
๊ธฐ์กด ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ง ์์คํ
์ด ๋ ์ด๋, ์นด๋ฉ๋ผ, ํด๋ผ์ฐ๋ ๋ถ์, ๊ณ ๊ฐ ์ฅ๋น์ ์์กดํ๋ ๊ฒฝ์ฐ๊ฐ ๋ง์ ๋ฐ๋ฉด, Batear๋ ์ ๊ฐ MCU์์ ๋๋ก ํ๋กํ ๋ฌ ์ํฅ์ ๊ณ ์กฐํ ํจํด์ ๋ก์ปฌ์์ ๋ถ์ํด ๊ฒฝ๋ณด๋ฅผ ์์ฑํ๋ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์
๋๋ค. ๊ณต์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก ESP32-S3์ ICS-43434 I2S MEMS ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ๋ฉฐ, FFT ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์กฐํ ๋ถ์์ผ๋ก ๋๋ก ๋กํฐ ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์งํฉ๋๋ค.
๐ Background

Batear์ Ethernet ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ด ์ถ๊ฐ๋ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ ๋จ์ํ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ ํ์ฅ์ด ์๋๋ผ, ๋ฌด์ ํต์ ์ด ์ ๋ขฐ์ฑ์ ์๋ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ญ ํ๊ฒฝ์์๋ ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ง ์์คํ ์ ๊ณ์ ์ด์ฉํ๊ธฐ ์ํ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ ํ์ ๋๋ค.
GitHub Issue #35์ ๋ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, Batear ํ๋ก์ ํธ๋ ์ฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋ ์ ๋ฐฉ ํ์ฅ ์์ง๋์ด๋ค๋ก๋ถํฐ ์ง์ ์์ฒญ์ ๋ฐ์๊ณ , ์ค์ ๋ถ์ ์ง์ญ์์๋ ์ ์์ (EW, Electronic Warfare) ์ฌ๋ฐ์ผ๋ก ์ธํด LoRa, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth ๊ฐ์ ๋ฌด์ ํ๋กํ ์ฝ์ด ์์ ํ ๋ถ์์ ํด์ง ์ ์๋ค๊ณ ์ค๋ช ํฉ๋๋ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์ ๋ฅผ ํด๊ฒฐํ๊ธฐ ์ํด Batear๋ ๊ธฐ์กด LoRa Mesh ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์์ ๋ฒ์ด๋, Ethernet ๊ธฐ๋ฐ TCP/IP ํต์ ์ ์ฌ์ฉํ๋ โBatear Wired Editionโ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ ์ถํ์ต๋๋ค.
๐ Features

Edge-only Acoustic Detection
Batear๋ ์ค๋์ค ๋ฐ์ดํฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ผ์ฐ๋๋ก ๋ณด๋ด์ง ์๊ณ , ESP32-S3 ๋ด๋ถ์์ 16 kHz ์ํ๋ง๊ณผ 1024-point real FFT๋ฅผ ์ํํด ๋๋ก ๋กํฐ์ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์ฃผํ์์ 2๋ฐฐยท3๋ฐฐ ๊ณ ์กฐํ ํจํด์ ๋ถ์ํฉ๋๋ค. ๊ณต์ ๋ฌธ์์๋ FFT ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ 15.625 Hz/bin ํด์๋๋ฅผ ์ ๊ณตํ๋ค๊ณ ์ค๋ช
๋์ด ์์ต๋๋ค.
Wireless์ Wired ์ด์ค ๋ฐฐ์น ๋ชจ๋ธ
๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ LoRa Detector๊ฐ ๊ฒฝ๋ณด๋ฅผ Gateway๋ก ๋ณด๋ด๊ณ , Gateway๊ฐ MQTT๋ก Home Assistant์ ์ ๋ฌํ๋ ๋ฐฉ์์
๋๋ค. ๋์์ Wired Detector๋ W5500 Ethernet์ ํตํด LoRa์ Gateway๋ฅผ ์ฐํํ๊ณ MQTT/JSON์ผ๋ก ์ง์ ๊ฒฝ๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ ์กํฉ๋๋ค.
Home Assistant ์ฐ๋
MQTT auto-discovery๋ฅผ ์ง์ํ์ฌ Home Assistant์์ ๊ฐ์ง ์ด๋ฒคํธ, ์ ํธ ์ํ, ๊ฒฝ๋ณด ์๋ํ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. ์ฌ์ฉ์๋ ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ง ์ ์กฐ๋ช
, ์ฌ์ด๋ , ์๋ฆผ ๊ฐ์ ์๋ํ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฑํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค.
์ ๋น์ฉยท์คํ์์ค ๊ตฌ์กฐ
๊ณต์ ๋ฌธ์์ ์ธ๋ถ ๊ธฐ์ฌ๋ค์ Batear๋ฅผ โunder $15โ ๋๋ โunder $20 per nodeโ ์์ค์ ์ ๋น์ฉ ํ๋์จ์ด๋ก ์ค๋ช
ํฉ๋๋ค. ์ค์ BOM์ ์ง์ญยท๋ณด๋ยท๋ง์ดํฌยทPoE ๊ตฌ์ฑ์ ๋ฐ๋ผ ๋ฌ๋ผ์ง ์ ์์ผ๋ฏ๋ก, ์์ฐ ๋น์ฉ์ผ๋ก ๊ทธ๋๋ก ํด์ํ๋ฉด ์ ๋ฉ๋๋ค.
Wired Edition์ ํ์ฅ ๋์์ฑ
GitHub Issue #35์์๋ ์ฐํฌ๋ผ์ด๋ ํ์ฅ ์์ง๋์ด ์์ฒญ๊ณผ RF ์ฌ๋ฐ ํ๊ฒฝ์ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ผ๋ก LoRa/Wi-Fi/Bluetooth ๋์ Ethernet TCP/IP ๊ธฐ๋ฐ Wired Edition์ผ๋ก ์ ํํ๋ ์๊ตฌ๊ฐ ์ ์๋์์ต๋๋ค. ์ด๋ ์ ์ ๋คํธ์ํฌ์ PoE ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ํ์ฅ ์ค์น ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ๋ณด์ฌ์ฃผ๋ ์ค์ํ ์ ํ์ ์
๋๋ค.
๐ System Architecture
Batear๋ ํฌ๊ฒ ๋ฌด์ ํ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ ์ ํ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ก ๋๋ฉ๋๋ค.

1. Wireless Model: LoRa Detector โ Gateway โ MQTT/Home Assistant
Detector ๋ ธ๋๋ ICS-43434 I2S MEMS ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก ์ฃผ๋ณ ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์์งํ๊ณ , ESP32-S3์์ FFT ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์กฐํ ๋ถ์์ ์ํํฉ๋๋ค. ๋๋ก ์ํฅ ํจํด์ด ๊ฐ์ง๋๋ฉด AES-128-GCM์ผ๋ก ์ํธํ๋ LoRa ํจํท์ Gateway๋ก ์ ์กํฉ๋๋ค. Gateway๋ LoRa ํจํท์ ์์ ยท๋ณตํธํํ ๋ค MQTT ๋ฉ์์ง๋ก Home Assistant์ ์ ๋ฌํฉ๋๋ค. ๊ณต์ README๋ ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ โDetector, Gateway, Home Assistantโ ํ๋ฆ์ผ๋ก ์ค๋ช ํฉ๋๋ค.
2. Wired Model: Ethernet/PoE Detector โ MQTT/Home Assistant
Wired Detector๋ LoRa์ Gateway๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํ์ง ์์ต๋๋ค. LILYGO T-ETH-Lite S3 ๋ณด๋์ W5500 Ethernet ์ธํฐํ์ด์ค๋ฅผ ํตํด ๋คํธ์ํฌ์ ์ง์ ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๊ณ , ๊ฐ์ง ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ MQTT/JSON์ผ๋ก ๋ธ๋ก์ปค ๋๋ Home Assistant์ ์ ๋ฌํฉ๋๋ค. GitHub ๋ฌธ์์๋ ์ด ๋ฐฉ์์ด ๊ณ ์ ์ค์น ํ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ํฉํ๋ฉฐ Ethernet๊ณผ ์ ํ์ PoE ์ ์์ ์ฌ์ฉํ ์ ์๋ค๊ณ ์ค๋ช ๋์ด ์์ต๋๋ค.
๐ Role and Application of the WIZnet's Chip
์ฌ์ฉ๋ WIZnet ์นฉ: W5500
Batear์ Wired Detector ๊ตฌ์ฑ์์ ์ฌ์ฉ๋ WIZnet ์นฉ์ W5500 Ethernet Controller์ ๋๋ค. GitHub README์ ์์คํ ์ํคํ ์ฒ์๋ Wired Detector๊ฐ โW5500 Ethernetโ์ ํตํด MQTT/JSON, REST API, OTA๋ฅผ ์ง์ํ๋ค๊ณ ๋ช ์๋์ด ์์ต๋๋ค.
W5500์ ์ ํํ ๊ธฐ์ ์ ์ด์
- RF ์ฌ๋ฐ ํํผ
Issue #35๋ LoRa, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth๊ฐ ์ ์์ ํ๊ฒฝ์์ ๋ถ์์ ํ ์ ์์ด Ethernet TCP/IP ๊ธฐ๋ฐ Wired Edition์ด ํ์ํ๋ค๊ณ ์ค๋ช ํฉ๋๋ค. W5500์ ์ด ์๊ตฌ์ ๋ง๋ ์ ์ Ethernet ์ฐ๊ฒฐ์ฑ์ ์ ๊ณตํฉ๋๋ค. - MCU ๋ถ๋ด ๊ฐ์์ ๊ตฌํ ๋จ์ํ
W5500์ Hardwired TCP/IP ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ ๊ณตํ๋ฏ๋ก MCU๊ฐ ๋ชจ๋ ๋คํธ์ํฌ ์คํ์ ์ํํธ์จ์ด๋ก ์ฒ๋ฆฌํ๋ ๋ถ๋ด์ ์ค์ผ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. WIZnet ๊ณต์ ๋ฌธ์๋ W5500์ ์ธ๋ถ MCU์ SPI ์ต๋ 80 MHz๋ก ์ฐ๊ฒฐ๋๋ Hardwired TCP/IP ์ธํฐ๋ท ์ปจํธ๋กค๋ฌ๋ก ์ค๋ช ํฉ๋๋ค. - PoE ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๊ณ ์ ์ค์น ์ ํฉ์ฑ
Batear Wired Edition์ Ethernet/PoE๋ฅผ ํตํด ๋ฐ์ดํฐ์ ์ ์์ ๋จ์ผ ์ผ์ด๋ธ๋ก ๊ณต๊ธํ๋ ํ์ฅ ์ค์น๋ฅผ ๋ชฉํ๋ก ํฉ๋๋ค. ์ด๋ ๋์ฅ, ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์์ค, ์ฐ์ ํ์ฅ, ๋ณด์ ๊ตฌ์ญ์ฒ๋ผ ์ฅ๊ธฐ๊ฐ ๊ณ ์ ๋ฐฐ์น๊ฐ ํ์ํ ํ๊ฒฝ์ ์ ํฉํฉ๋๋ค. - ํ๋กํ ์ฝ ํ์ฅ์ฑ
Batear๋ MQTT, JSON, REST API, OTA๋ฅผ ์ ์ ๋คํธ์ํฌ ์์ ๊ตฌ์ฑํฉ๋๋ค. W5500์ TCP/UDP ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์๋ฒ ๋๋ ๋คํธ์ํน์ ์ ํฉํ๋ฉฐ, WIZnet ๊ณต์ ๋ฌธ์์์๋ TCP, UDP, IPv4, ICMP, ARP, IGMP, PPPoE ์ง์์ ํ์ธํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค.

๐ Market & Application Value
์ ์ฉ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์์ฅ
Batear์ 1์ฐจ ์ ์ฉ ์์ฅ์ ์ ๋น์ฉ ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ง ๋ฐ ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋ณด์์ ๋๋ค. ๊ณต์ ์ฌ์ดํธ์ ๋ฌธ์์์๋ homes, farms, communities, rooftops, fence line ๊ฐ์ ๋ฐฐ์น ์๋๋ฆฌ์ค๋ฅผ ์ธ๊ธํฉ๋๋ค.
์ ์ฉ ๊ฐ๋ฅ ๋ถ์ผ๋ ๋ค์๊ณผ ๊ฐ์ต๋๋ค.
| ์์ฅ | ์ ์ฉ ๊ฐ์น |
|---|---|
| ๋์ฅยท์ถ์ฐยท์์ค ๊ฒฝ๊ณ | ์ ๋น์ฉ ๊ฐ์ง ๋ ธ๋๋ฅผ ๋ค์ ๋ฐฐ์นํ์ฌ ๋๋ก ์ ๊ทผ ์๋ฆผ |
| ์ค๋งํธ ํฉํ ๋ฆฌยท์ฐ์ ๋จ์ง | ์นด๋ฉ๋ผ ์ฌ๊ฐ์ง๋ ๋๋ RF ์ ํ ๊ตฌ์ญ์ ๋ณด์กฐ ๊ฐ์ง |
| ๋ฏผ๊ฐ ๋ณด์ยทํ๋ผ์ด๋ฒ์ | ํด๋ผ์ฐ๋ ์ ๋ก๋ ์์ด ๋ก์ปฌ ๊ฐ์ง |
| ๊ตญ๊ฒฝยท์ ์ ยท์ฌ๋ ๋์ | RF ์ฌ๋ฐ ํ๊ฒฝ์์ ์ ์ ํ ๊ฐ์ง ๋ ธ๋๋ก ํ์ฉ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ |
| ์ค๋งํธํยทํ ์ด์์คํดํธ | MQTT ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์๋ํ์ ์๋ฆผ ์ฐ๋ |
๊ธฐ์กด ๋ฐฉ์ ๋๋น ๊ฒฝ์๋ ฅ
๊ธฐ์กด ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ง ์๋ฃจ์ ์ ๋ ์ด๋, RF ์ค์บ๋, ์นด๋ฉ๋ผ ๋ถ์, ํด๋ผ์ฐ๋ AI ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์ ๊ทผ์ด ๋ง์ต๋๋ค. Batear๋ ๊ณ ์ฑ๋ฅ ๊ฐ์ ์ฅ๋น๋ฅผ ์ง์ ๋์ฒดํ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋ค๋, ์ ๋น์ฉ ๋ถ์ฐ ์ผ์ ๋ ธ๋๋ผ๋ ๋ณด์ ์์ฅ์ ์ ํฉํฉ๋๋ค. Hackaday๋ ESP32-S3์ ICS-43434 ๋ง์ดํฌ ์ค์ฌ์ BOM์ด 15๋ฌ๋ฌ ์์ค์ผ๋ก ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ง๋ฅผ ๋ฏผ์ฃผํํ ์ ์๋ค๊ณ ํ๊ฐํ์ต๋๋ค.
https://hackaday.com/2026/03/23/acoustic-drone-detection-on-the-cheap-with-esp32/
๐ External Indicators
| ์งํ | ํ์ธ ๋ด์ฉ | ํ๊ฐ |
|---|---|---|
| GitHub Star | 2026๋ 5์ 15์ผ ๊ณต๊ฐ ํ์ด์ง ๊ธฐ์ค 212~213 stars๋ก ํ์ธ๋จ | ์๋ฒ ๋๋ยท๋ณด์ ๋ฉ์ด์ปค ํ๋ก์ ํธ๋ก๋ ์ด๊ธฐ ๊ด์ฌ๋๊ฐ ์์ (GitHub) |
| GitHub Fork | 25 forks | ์ฌ์ฌ์ฉยทํ์ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ๋ณด์ (GitHub) |
| GitHub Issue | ๊ณต๊ฐ ํ์ด์ง ๊ธฐ์ค Issues 2~3๊ฑด, Issue #35๋ closed | Wired Edition ์๊ตฌ๊ฐ ์ค์ ๊ธฐ๋ฅ ๋ฐ์์ผ๋ก ์ด์ด์ง ๊ฒ์ผ๋ก ํด์ ๊ฐ๋ฅ (GitHub) |
| GitHub Release | 12 releases, ์ต์ v2.2.0์ 2026๋ 5์ 1์ผ๋ก ํ์ | ๋จ๋ฐ์ฑ ์ฝ๋ ๊ณต๊ฐ๊ฐ ์๋๋ผ ์ง์ ์ ๋ฐ์ดํธ๊ฐ ์์ (GitHub) |
| Hackaday | 2026๋ 3์ 23์ผ ๊ธฐ์ฌ, 18 comments | ํ๋์จ์ด ํด์ปค ์ปค๋ฎค๋ํฐ์์ ์ค์ง ํ ๋ก ๋ฐ์ (Hackaday) |
| Hackster.io | โThe $15 Ear That Listens for Unwanted Dronesโ ๊ธฐ์ฌ ๊ฒ์ฌ | Avnet ๊ณ์ด ๋ฉ์ด์ปค ์ปค๋ฎค๋ํฐ์์ ์๊ฐ๋จ (Hackster) |
| Adafruit Blog | โsub-$15 acoustic drone detectorโ๋ก ์๊ฐ๋จ | ๋ฉ์ด์ปค ๋ถํยท๊ต์ก ์ปค๋ฎค๋ํฐ ๋ ธ์ถ ํ์ธ (Adafruit) |
| Hacker News | Show HN ๊ฒ์๋ฌผ 6 points, 2 comments | ๊ธฐ์ ์ปค๋ฎค๋ํฐ ๋ฐ์์ ์์์ผ๋ ๊ท๋ชจ๋ ์ ํ์ (Hacker News) |
| OSRTOS | FreeRTOS/์๋ฒ ๋๋ ํ๋ก์ ํธ๋ก ์ ๋ฆฌ | RTOSยท์๋ฒ ๋๋ ๊ด์ ์ 2์ฐจ ์๊ฐ ํ์ธ (osrtos.com) |
| YouTube | ๋ฒค์น ํ ์คํธ ๋ฐ๋ชจ ์์ ์กด์ฌ ํ์ธ | ์กฐํ์ยท์ข์์ยท๋๊ธ ์๋ ํ์ฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ ์๋ฃ ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก ํ์ธ๋์ง ์์ (YouTube) |
๐ WIZnet Strategic Value
1. W5500์ ํ์ฉ ๋ฒ์๋ฅผ โ์ผ๋ฐ IoT ์ฐ๊ฒฐโ์์ โํ์ฅํ ๋ณด์ ์ผ์ ๋คํธ์ํฌโ๋ก ํ์ฅ
Batear Wired Detector๋ W5500์ ๋จ์ HTTP ์๋ฒ๋ TCP ์์ ์์ค์ด ์๋๋ผ, ์ค์๊ฐ ๊ฐ์ง ์ด๋ฒคํธ๋ฅผ MQTT๋ก ๋ฐํํ๋ ํ์ฅํ ๋ณด์ ๋ ธ๋์ ์ ์ฉํ ์ฌ๋ก์ ๋๋ค. ์ด๋ WIZnet Maker ์ํ๊ณ์์ โW5500 = ์์ ์ ์ธ ์ ์ IoT ์ฐ๊ฒฐโ์ด๋ผ๋ ๋ฉ์์ง๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ผ๋ก ๋ณด์ฌ์ค๋๋ค.
2. RF๊ฐ ๋ถ์์ ํ ํ๊ฒฝ์์ Ethernet์ ์ ๋ต์ ๊ฐ์น ๋ถ๊ฐ
Issue #35๋ RF ์ฌ๋ฐ ํ๊ฒฝ์์ LoRa, Wi-Fi, Bluetooth๊ฐ ๋ถ์์ ํ ์ ์์์ ๋ช ํํ ์ธ๊ธํ๊ณ , Ethernet TCP/IP ๊ธฐ๋ฐ Wired Edition์ ์๊ตฌํ์ต๋๋ค. ์ด ๋ถ๋ถ์ WIZnet ์ ํ๊ตฐ์ด ๋ฌด์ ๋๋น ์์ ์ฑ, ์ค์น ์ ๋ขฐ์ฑ, PoE ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์ ์ ํตํฉ ์ธก๋ฉด์์ ์ฐจ๋ณํ๋ ์ ์์์ ๋ณด์ฌ์ค๋๋ค.
3. Maker์์ ์ฐ์ ์ฉ PoC๋ก ํ์ฅ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ๊ตฌ์กฐ
Batear๋ ์ด๊ธฐ์๋ ๋ฉ์ด์ปค ํ๋ก์ ํธ ์ฑ๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ฐํ์ง๋ง, W5500 ๊ธฐ๋ฐ Wired Detector๋ PoE, MQTT, REST API, OTA์ ๊ฒฐํฉ๋๋ฉด์ ์ฐ์ ์ฉ PoC์ ๊ฐ๊น์์ง๋๋ค. WIZnet ์ ์ฅ์์๋ ์ค๋งํธ ํฉํ ๋ฆฌ, ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ๋ณด์, ๋์ IoT, ๊ณต๊ณต ์์ ๋ถ์ผ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์๊ฒ โ์ ๋น์ฉ ์ ์ ์ผ์ ๋คํธ์ํฌโ ๋ ํผ๋ฐ์ค๋ก ์๊ฐํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค.
๐ Summary
Batear๋ ์ ๋น์ฉ ESP32-S3 ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ์ํฅ ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ง ํ๋ก์ ํธ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋จ์ํ ๋ฉ์ด์ปค ๋ฐ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋์ด LoRa ๋ฌด์ ํ๊ณผ W5500 Ethernet ์ ์ ํ์ ๋ชจ๋ ์ง์ํ๋ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ก ๋ฐ์ ํ๊ณ ์์ต๋๋ค. ๊ณต์ ๋ฌธ์ ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก ๋๋ก ๋กํฐ์ ๊ณ ์กฐํ ํจํด์ ESP32-S3์์ FFT๋ก ๋ถ์ํ๊ณ , ๊ฐ์ง ์ด๋ฒคํธ๋ฅผ LoRa Gateway ๋๋ W5500 Ethernet/MQTT ๊ฒฝ๋ก๋ก ์ ๋ฌํฉ๋๋ค.
WIZnet ๊ด์ ์์ ๊ฐ์ฅ ์ค์ํ ๊ฐ์น๋ W5500์ด RF ์ฌ๋ฐ์ด๋ ๋ฌด์ ๋ถ์์ ํ๊ฒฝ์์ ์ ์ ๊ฐ์ง ๋ ธ๋์ ๋คํธ์ํฌ ํต์ฌ ์นฉ์ผ๋ก ์ฌ์ฉ๋์๋ค๋ ์ ์ ๋๋ค. W5500์ Hardwired TCP/IP, 10/100 Ethernet MAC & PHY, TCP/UDP ์ง์, SPI ๊ธฐ๋ฐ MCU ์ฐ๋์ฑ์ Batear Wired Detector์ ์์ ์ ์ธ MQTT/REST/OTA ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์ ๋ง์ต๋๋ค.
๐ FAQ
Q1. Batear๋ ๋ฌด์์ธ๊ฐ์?
Batear๋ ESP32-S3์ MEMS ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฌ์ฉํด ๋๋ก ๋กํฐ ์๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ์งํ๋ ์คํ์์ค ์ํฅ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ง ์์คํ
์
๋๋ค. ํด๋ผ์ฐ๋ ๋ถ์ ์์ด MCU ๋ด๋ถ์์ ์ ํธ๋ฅผ ์ฒ๋ฆฌํ๊ณ , LoRa ๋๋ Ethernet/MQTT๋ก ๊ฒฝ๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ ๋ฌํฉ๋๋ค.
Q2. WIZnet W5500์ Batear์์ ์ด๋ค ์ญํ ์ ํ๋์?
W5500์ Wired Detector์์ ESP32-S3์ ์ ์ Ethernet ์ฐ๊ฒฐ์ ์ ๊ณตํ๋ ํต์ฌ ๋คํธ์ํฌ ์นฉ์
๋๋ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ํตํด LoRa๋ Wi-Fi ์์ด MQTT/JSON, REST API, OTA ๊ธฐ๋ฅ์ Ethernet ๊ธฐ๋ฐ์ผ๋ก ์ง์ ์ด์ฉํ ์ ์์ต๋๋ค.
Q3. ์ด ํ๋ก์ ํธ์ ์ ๊ท์ฑ์ ๋ฌด์์ธ๊ฐ์?
์ ๊ท์ฑ์ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ๋ ์ด๋๋ ์นด๋ฉ๋ผ ๋์ ์ ๊ฐ MCU์ ๋ง์ดํฌ๋ก ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ง๋ฅผ ์๋ํ๊ณ , ์ด๋ฅผ LoRa ๋ฌด์ ํ๊ณผ W5500 Ethernet ์ ์ ํ์ผ๋ก ๋ชจ๋ ํ์ฅํ๋ค๋ ์ ์
๋๋ค. ํนํ RF ์ฌ๋ฐ ํ๊ฒฝ์ ๊ณ ๋ คํด Wired Edition์ ์ถ๊ฐํ ์ ์ WIZnet ์นฉ ํ์ฉ ๊ด์ ์์ ์๋ฏธ๊ฐ ํฝ๋๋ค.
Q4. ์ค์ ์ ํํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ด ์๋์?
์ ํํ ๊ฐ๋ฅ์ฑ์ ์์ต๋๋ค. ๋ค๋ง ํ์ฌ ๊ณต๊ฐ ์๋ฃ ๊ธฐ์ค์ผ๋ก ๋ฐฉ์ ํ์ฐ์ง, ๋ดํ๊ฒฝ์ฑ, ์ธ์ฆ, ์ฅ๊ธฐ ์คํ๋ฅ , ๊ฐ์ง ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ์ดํฐ๋ ์ถฉ๋ถํ ํ์ธ๋์ง ์์ต๋๋ค. ๋ฐ๋ผ์ ํ์ฌ ๋จ๊ณ๋ ์์ ํ์ด๋ผ๊ธฐ๋ณด๋ค, ์ฐ์
์ฉ ์ ์ ๊ฐ์ง ๋
ธ๋๋ก ๋ฐ์ ๊ฐ๋ฅํ ์คํ์์ค PoC์ ๊ฐ๊น์ต๋๋ค.
Q5. Batear๊ฐ ๊ธฐ์กด ๋๋ก ๊ฐ์ง ์์คํ
์ ๋์ฒดํ ์ ์๋์?
๊ณ ์ฑ๋ฅ ๋ ์ด๋๋ ์ ๋ฌธ RF ํ์ง ์ฅ๋น๋ฅผ ์ง์ ๋์ฒดํ๋ค๊ณ ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ ์ด๋ ต์ต๋๋ค. ๊ทธ๋ฌ๋ ์ ๋น์ฉ ๋ถ์ฐ ๊ฐ์ง, ์ฌ๊ฐ์ง๋ ๋ณด์กฐ ๊ฐ์, ๋์ฅยท์ฃผํยท์์ค ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ์๋ฆผ ์ฉ๋๋ก๋ ๋ณด์ ๊ฐ์น๊ฐ ์์ต๋๋ค.
๐ Overview

Batear is an open-source acoustic drone detection system based on ESP32-S3, a MEMS microphone, and either LoRa or wired Ethernet/PoE connectivity.
While many conventional drone detection systems rely on radar, cameras, cloud-based analysis, or expensive equipment, Batear is designed to analyze the harmonic patterns of drone propeller sounds locally on a low-cost MCU and generate alerts. According to the official documentation, it uses an ESP32-S3 and an ICS-43434 I2S MEMS microphone, detecting drone rotor sounds through FFT-based harmonic analysis.
๐ Background

The addition of Ethernet support to Batear was not simply a feature expansion, but a structural transition intended to keep the drone detection system operational even in high-interference environments where wireless communication becomes unreliable.
According to GitHub Issue #35, the Batear project received direct requests from engineers on the front lines in Ukraine, who explained that in actual conflict zones, electronic warfare (EW) jamming can make wireless protocols such as LoRa, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth completely unstable. To address this problem, Batear moved away from its original LoRa mesh-based architecture and pursued a โBatear Wired Editionโ using Ethernet-based TCP/IP communication.
๐ Features

Edge-only Acoustic Detection
Batear does not send audio data to the cloud. Instead, it performs 16 kHz sampling and a 1024-point real FFT directly on the ESP32-S3 to analyze the fundamental frequency and second- and third-order harmonic patterns of drone rotors. The official documentation states that the FFT output provides a resolution of 15.625 Hz per bin.
Dual Deployment Model: Wireless and Wired
The default architecture uses a LoRa Detector to send alerts to a Gateway, which then forwards them to Home Assistant via MQTT. At the same time, the Wired Detector bypasses both LoRa and the Gateway by using W5500 Ethernet to transmit alerts directly through MQTT/JSON.
Home Assistant Integration
Batear supports MQTT auto-discovery, enabling detection events, signal status monitoring, and alarm automation within Home Assistant. Users can configure automations such as lights, sirens, and notifications when drone activity is detected.
Low-cost Open-source Architecture
Official documentation and external articles describe Batear as a low-cost hardware platform in the range of โunder $15โ or โunder $20 per node.โ However, the actual bill of materials (BOM) may vary depending on region, board type, microphone selection, and PoE configuration, so these figures should not be interpreted directly as mass-production costs.
Operational Advantages of the Wired Edition
GitHub Issue #35 introduced the need to transition from LoRa/Wi-Fi/Bluetooth to an Ethernet TCP/IP-based Wired Edition, based on requests from Ukrainian field engineers and the realities of RF jamming environments. This represents an important shift toward supporting wired networking and PoE-based field deployment.
๐ System Architecture
Batear is broadly divided into two architectures: a wireless model and a wired model.
1. Wireless Model: LoRa Detector โ Gateway โ MQTT/Home Assistant
The Detector node collects surrounding audio using an ICS-43434 I2S MEMS microphone and performs FFT-based harmonic analysis on the ESP32-S3. When a drone acoustic pattern is detected, it transmits an AES-128-GCM encrypted LoRa packet to the Gateway. The Gateway receives and decrypts the LoRa packet, then forwards it to Home Assistant as an MQTT message. The official README describes this architecture as a โDetector, Gateway, Home Assistantโ workflow.
2. Wired Model: Ethernet/PoE Detector โ MQTT/Home Assistant
The Wired Detector does not use LoRa or a Gateway. Instead, it connects directly to the network through the W5500 Ethernet interface on the LILYGO T-ETH-Lite S3 board and sends detection results to a broker or Home Assistant using MQTT/JSON. The GitHub documentation explains that this approach is intended for fixed-installation environments and can use Ethernet with optional PoE power delivery.
๐ Role and Application of the WIZnet's Chip
WIZnet Chip Used: W5500
The WIZnet chip used in the Wired Detector configuration of Batear is the W5500 Ethernet Controller. The system architecture described in the GitHub README explicitly states that the Wired Detector supports MQTT/JSON, REST API, and OTA through โW5500 Ethernet.โ
Technical Reasons for Choosing the W5500
- RF Jamming Resistance
Issue #35 explains that LoRa, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth may become unreliable in electronic warfare environments, creating the need for a Wired Edition based on Ethernet TCP/IP communication. The W5500 provides the wired Ethernet connectivity required for this purpose. - Reduced MCU Load and Simpler Implementation
Because the W5500 provides a Hardwired TCP/IP architecture, it reduces the burden on the MCU by avoiding the need to process the entire network stack in software. Official WIZnet documentation describes the W5500 as a Hardwired TCP/IP Internet controller connected to an external MCU through SPI at up to 80 MHz. - Suitability for PoE-based Fixed Installations
The Batear Wired Edition is designed for field deployment using Ethernet/PoE, allowing both data and power to be delivered through a single cable. This makes it suitable for environments requiring long-term fixed installation, such as farms, perimeter facilities, industrial sites, and security zones. - Protocol Scalability
Batear builds MQTT, JSON, REST API, and OTA functionality on top of the wired network. The W5500 is well suited for TCP/UDP-based embedded networking, and official WIZnet documentation confirms support for TCP, UDP, IPv4, ICMP, ARP, IGMP, and PPPoE.

๐ Market & Application Value
Applicable Markets
The primary market for Batear is low-cost drone detection and perimeter security. The official website and documentation mention deployment scenarios such as homes, farms, communities, rooftops, and fence lines.
Potential application areas include the following:
| Market | Application Value |
|---|---|
| Farms, livestock facilities, and perimeter security | Deploying multiple low-cost detection nodes to provide drone intrusion alerts |
| Smart factories and industrial complexes | Supplemental detection in camera blind spots or RF-restricted areas |
| Civil security and privacy | Local detection without cloud audio uploads |
| Border security, tactical operations, and disaster response | Potential use as wired detection nodes in RF jamming environments |
| Smart homes and Home Assistant ecosystems | MQTT-based automation and alert integration |
Competitive Positioning Compared to Existing Approaches
Conventional drone detection solutions often rely on radar, RF scanners, camera analytics, or cloud AI-based systems. Rather than directly replacing high-end surveillance equipment, Batear is better positioned as a complementary low-cost distributed sensor node solution. Hackaday noted that the BOM centered around the ESP32-S3 and ICS-43434 microphone could democratize drone detection at a cost of around $15 per node.
https://hackaday.com/2026/03/23/acoustic-drone-detection-on-the-cheap-with-esp32/
๐ External Indicators
| Metric | Observed Information | Assessment |
|---|---|---|
| GitHub Stars | Confirmed at approximately 212โ213 stars on the public page as of May 15, 2026 | Shows early interest for an embedded/security maker project (GitHub) |
| GitHub Forks | 25 forks | Indicates potential for reuse and derivative projects (GitHub) |
| GitHub Issues | 2โ3 public issues, with Issue #35 marked as closed | Suggests that the Wired Edition request was reflected in actual implementation (GitHub) |
| GitHub Releases | 12 releases, with the latest version v2.2.0 dated May 1, 2026 | Indicates ongoing updates rather than a one-time code release (GitHub) |
| Hackaday | Article published on March 23, 2026 with 18 comments | Demonstrates active discussion within the hardware hacker community (Hackaday) |
| Hackster.io | Featured in the article โThe $15 Ear That Listens for Unwanted Dronesโ | Introduced within the Avnet-affiliated maker community (Hackster) |
| Adafruit Blog | Introduced as a โsub-$15 acoustic drone detectorโ | Confirms exposure within maker parts and educational communities (Adafruit) |
| Hacker News | Show HN post with 6 points and 2 comments | Received some response from the technical community, though on a limited scale (Hacker News) |
| OSRTOS | Listed as a FreeRTOS/embedded project | Confirms secondary exposure from an RTOS and embedded systems perspective (osrtos.com) |
| YouTube | Bench test demo videos confirmed to exist | View counts, likes, and comments could not be verified from currently available public sources (YouTube) |
๐ WIZnet Strategic Value
1. Expanding the Role of the W5500 from General IoT Connectivity to Field-deployable Security Sensor Networks
The Batear Wired Detector applies the W5500 not merely as a simple HTTP server or TCP example, but as a field-deployable security node that publishes real-time detection events through MQTT. This provides a concrete demonstration within the WIZnet maker ecosystem that โW5500 = reliable wired IoT connectivity.โ
2. Highlighting the Strategic Value of Ethernet in RF-Unstable Environments
Issue #35 explicitly states that LoRa, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth may become unreliable in RF jamming environments and therefore calls for an Ethernet TCP/IP-based Wired Edition. This demonstrates how the WIZnet product family can differentiate itself from wireless solutions in terms of stability, deployment reliability, and PoE-based power integration.
3. A Structure Capable of Expanding from Maker Projects to Industrial PoC
Although Batear initially has the characteristics of a maker-oriented project, the W5500-based Wired Detector moves closer to an industrial-grade proof of concept when combined with PoE, MQTT, REST API, and OTA capabilities. From WIZnetโs perspective, this can serve as a reference platform for โlow-cost wired sensor networksโ targeting customers in smart factories, perimeter security, agricultural IoT, and public safety sectors.
๐ Summary
Batear is a low-cost ESP32-S3-based acoustic drone detection project that has evolved beyond a simple maker demo into an architecture supporting both LoRa wireless and W5500 Ethernet wired configurations. According to the official documentation, it analyzes the harmonic patterns of drone rotors using FFT on the ESP32-S3 and delivers detection events through either a LoRa Gateway or a W5500 Ethernet/MQTT path.
From the WIZnet perspective, the most important value is that the W5500 has been used as the core networking chip for wired detection nodes in environments affected by RF jamming or unstable wireless communication. The W5500โs Hardwired TCP/IP architecture, 10/100 Ethernet MAC & PHY, TCP/UDP support, and SPI-based MCU connectivity align well with the stable MQTT/REST/OTA structure of the Batear Wired Detector.
๐ FAQ
Q1. What is Batear?
Batear is an open-source acoustic drone detection system that uses an ESP32-S3 and a MEMS microphone to detect drone rotor sounds. It processes signals directly on the MCU without cloud analysis and delivers alerts through LoRa or Ethernet/MQTT.
Q2. What role does the WIZnet W5500 play in Batear?
The W5500 is the core networking chip that provides wired Ethernet connectivity for the ESP32-S3 in the Wired Detector configuration. This enables MQTT/JSON, REST API, and OTA functionality to operate directly over Ethernet without relying on LoRa or Wi-Fi.
Q3. What is novel about this project?
The novelty lies in attempting drone detection using a low-cost MCU and microphone instead of expensive radar or camera systems, while supporting both LoRa-based wireless and W5500 Ethernet-based wired architectures. In particular, the addition of the Wired Edition to address RF jamming environments is significant from the perspective of WIZnet chip utilization.
Q4. Is commercialization possible?
Commercialization potential exists. However, based on currently available public information, aspects such as waterproof housing, environmental durability, certification, long-term false positive rates, and detection range data have not been sufficiently verified. Therefore, at its current stage, it is closer to an open-source proof of concept that could evolve into an industrial wired detection node rather than a finished commercial product.
Q5. Can Batear replace existing drone detection systems?
It would be difficult to consider Batear a direct replacement for high-performance radar or professional RF detection equipment. However, it has complementary value for low-cost distributed detection, blind-spot monitoring, and perimeter alert applications in farms, homes, and facility security.
