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IR Tracker Offline: Cloud-Free Smart Meter Monitoring with ESP32-C3 and W5500

Cloud-free smart meter tracker using ESP32-C3 and optional W5500 Ethernet, with Wi-Fi fallback and local APIs for Home Assistant, MQTT, and more.

irina

Published September 14, 2026

Original author: MichaelrossmOriginal source (new tab)

IR Tracker Offline: Cloud-Free Smart Meter Monitoring with ESP32-C3 and W5500

Project description

πŸ“Œμ „λ ₯λŸ‰κ³„ 데이터λ₯Ό ν΄λΌμš°λ“œ 없이 ν™œμš©ν•˜λ‹€

IR Tracker Offline은 κ°€μ •μš© μ „λ ₯λŸ‰κ³„μ˜ κ΄‘ν•™ IR ν¬νŠΈμ—μ„œ 데이터λ₯Ό 읽고, 이λ₯Ό ESP32-C3μ—μ„œ 직접 λΆ„μ„ν•˜μ—¬ 둜컬 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬μ— μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ”  ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

μ „λ ₯λŸ‰κ³„μ—μ„œ μ „λ‹¬λ˜λŠ” SML/OBIS λ˜λŠ” IEC 62056-21/D0 데이터λ₯Ό ESP32-C3μ—μ„œ 직접 μ²˜λ¦¬ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ³„λ„μ˜ ν΄λΌμš°λ“œ μ„œλ²„κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

νŒŒμ‹±λœ λ°μ΄ν„°λŠ” 둜컬 Web UI뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ MQTT, Home Assistant, HTTP/JSON, CSV, Prometheus/OpenMetrics, InfluxDB λ“± μ—¬λŸ¬ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ—μ„œ λ™μ‹œμ— ν™œμš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

즉, 이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ˜ 핡심 κ΅¬μ‘°λŠ” λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Electricity Meter β†’ IR Interface β†’ ESP32-C3 β†’ Local Processing β†’ W5500 Ethernet / Wi-Fi β†’ Local Services

νŒŒμ‹±λœ κ³„λŸ‰κΈ° λ°μ΄ν„°λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬ 둜컬 μΈν„°νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€λ₯Ό 톡해 μ œκ³΅ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 점이 일반적인 λ‹¨μˆœ Smart Meter Reader와 μ°¨λ³„λ˜λŠ” λΆ€λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

πŸ“Œμ „λ ₯λŸ‰κ³„ 데이터λ₯Ό ν΄λΌμš°λ“œ 없이 ν™œμš©ν•˜λ‹€

πŸ” μ „λ ₯λŸ‰κ³„μ—μ„œλŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 데이터λ₯Ό μ½μ„κΉŒ?

IR Tracker Offline은 μ „λ ₯λŸ‰κ³„μ˜ κ΄‘ν•™ 포트λ₯Ό 톡해 SML λ˜λŠ” IEC 62056-21/D0 데이터λ₯Ό μ½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

κ³„λŸ‰κΈ°κ°€ μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” μ‹€μ œ 값은 μ œμ‘°μ‚¬μ™€ 섀정에 따라 λ‹¬λΌμ§ˆ 수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—, 이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλŠ” L1/L2/L3 μ „λ ₯, μ „μ••, μ „λ₯˜ λ“±μ˜ 값을 항상 μ‘΄μž¬ν•œλ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

κ³„λŸ‰κΈ°κ°€ ν•΄λ‹Ή OBIS 정보λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°μ—λ§Œ ν•΄λ‹Ή 값을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ„λ‘ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 방식은 μ„œλ‘œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μ „λ ₯λŸ‰κ³„λ₯Ό 지원해야 ν•˜λŠ” μ‹€μ œ μ„€μΉ˜ ν™˜κ²½μ—μ„œ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 섀계 ν¬μΈνŠΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

IR receiver의 GPIOλ‚˜ 톡신 속도λ₯Ό μ•Œ 수 μ—†λŠ” 경우λ₯Ό μœ„ν•œ 진단 κΈ°λŠ₯도 μ œκ³΅ν•˜λ©°, λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 데이터λ₯Ό μˆ˜μ‹ ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 이유만으둜 핀을 κ²°μ •ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 정상적인 telegram을 ν™•μΈν•œ 이후 섀정을 ν™•μ •ν•˜λ„λ‘ μ„€κ³„λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

πŸ”’ Read-Only by Design

κ³„λŸ‰κΈ°μ˜ 데이터λ₯Ό μ½λŠ” 역할에 μ§‘μ€‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Zero-export μ œμ–΄, 배터리 μΆ©μ „ μ œν•œ, 인버터 좜λ ₯ μ‘°μ • λ˜λŠ” Load Scheduling 같은 μ œμ–΄ κΈ°λŠ₯은 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ˜ λ²”μœ„μ— ν¬ν•¨ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λŒ€μ‹  μ½μ–΄μ˜¨ 데이터λ₯Ό Home Assistantλ‚˜ λ‹€λ₯Έ Energy Management System이 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ μ „λ‹¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

이처럼 Meter Readingκ³Ό Control Logic을 λΆ„λ¦¬ν•˜λ©΄ ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ˜ 역할이 λͺ…ν™•ν•΄μ§€κ³ , λ‹€λ₯Έ μžλ™ν™” ν”Œλž«νΌκ³Ό κ²°ν•©ν•˜κΈ°λ„ μ‰¬μ›Œμ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.

데이터 μ €μž₯에도 ꡬ뢄이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „λ ₯ 및 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ λˆ„μ κ°’μ€ μž₯κΈ° νžˆμŠ€ν† λ¦¬μ— μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμ§€λ§Œ μˆœκ°„ μ „μ••κ³Ό μ „λ₯˜ λ°μ΄ν„°λŠ” RAMμ—μ„œλ§Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©° μž₯κΈ° νžˆμŠ€ν† λ¦¬μ—λŠ” μ €μž₯ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

 

βš™οΈ W5500은 어디에 μ‚¬μš©λ κΉŒ?

이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ—μ„œ WIZnet W5500은 ESP32-C3에 μ„ νƒμ μœΌλ‘œ μœ μ„  Ethernet을 μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λŠ” 역할을 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

특히 ν₯미둜운 뢀뢄은 Ethernet용과 Wi-Fi용으둜 νŽŒμ›¨μ–΄λ₯Ό λ”°λ‘œ κ΄€λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ, ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ Universal Firmwareμ—μ„œ 두 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ ꡬ성을 λͺ¨λ‘ μ§€μ›ν•œλ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Wi-Fi Only

λ˜λŠ”

ESP32-C3 + W5500 Ethernet + Wi-Fi Fallback

ꡬ성이 λ™μΌν•œ νŽŒμ›¨μ–΄λ₯Ό 기반으둜 λ™μž‘ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

W5500 Ethernet linkκ°€ μ‚¬μš© κ°€λŠ₯ν•œ 경우 μœ μ„  λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬κ°€ μš°μ„  μ‚¬μš©λ˜κ³ , Wi-FiλŠ” μžλ™ fallback 경둜둜 μœ μ§€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

이λ₯Ό 톡해 Wi-Fi와 W5500 Ethernet ꡬ성을 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ firmware architectureμ—μ„œ 지원할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

βš™οΈ W5500은 어디에 μ‚¬μš©λ κΉŒ?

πŸ’‘ μ™œ 이런 ꡬ쑰가 μœ μš©ν• κΉŒ?

Wi-Fi coverageκ°€ μ œν•œλœ μ„€μΉ˜ ν™˜κ²½μ—μ„œλŠ” optional W5500 Ethernet이 μœ μ„  λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ 경둜λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

IR Tracker Offline은 Wi-Fi만 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€μ‹  W5500 Ethernet을 μ„ νƒμ μœΌλ‘œ μΆ”κ°€ν•˜μ—¬ μœ μ„  λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬λ₯Ό μš°μ„  경둜둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

μœ μ„  연결이 κ°€λŠ₯ν•˜λ©΄ Ethernet을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³ , Ethernet을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†λŠ” 경우 Wi-Fiλ₯Ό κ·ΈλŒ€λ‘œ μœ μ§€ν•˜λŠ” κ΅¬μ‘°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

즉, W5500은 κΈ°μ‘΄ Wi-Fi κΈ°λŠ₯을 λŒ€μ²΄ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ 선택지λ₯Ό ν•˜λ‚˜ 더 μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λŠ” 역할을 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

이 κ΅¬μ‘°λŠ” Smart Meter뿐 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ 항상 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ 연결을 μœ μ§€ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” Sensor Gateway, Building Automation Device λ˜λŠ” Industrial IoT Nodeμ—μ„œλ„ μ°Έκ³ ν•  λ§Œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

🌐 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ 데이터, μ—¬λŸ¬ 개의 둜컬 μΈν„°νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€

IR Tracker Offline의 또 λ‹€λ₯Έ νŠΉμ§•μ€ νŠΉμ • Smart Home Platform ν•˜λ‚˜μ— μ’…μ†λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ—μ„œλŠ” Shelly EM/Pro EM compatible read endpoint, EcoTracker-style /v1/json, neutral /api/v1/meter JSON/MQTT schema, Home Assistant MQTT Discovery, JSON/HTTP/CSV, Prometheus/OpenMetrics, InfluxDB Line Protocol λ“± λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ 둜컬 μΈν„°νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

즉,

One Meter β†’ Multiple Local Interfaces

λΌλŠ” κ΅¬μ‘°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Home Assistantλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  μˆ˜λ„ 있고 MQTT Brokerλ‚˜ 자체 μ„œλ²„μ—μ„œ 직접 데이터λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

ν΄λΌμš°λ“œλ₯Ό κ±°μΉ˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  둜컬 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ μ•ˆμ—μ„œ μ—¬λŸ¬ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ΄ λ™μΌν•œ κ³„λŸ‰κΈ° 데이터λ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 점이 이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈμ˜ κ°€μž₯ 큰 νŠΉμ§• 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

πŸ“Š Local Energy History

κ³„λŸ‰κΈ° λ°μ΄ν„°λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ μ‹€μ‹œκ°„ κ°’μœΌλ‘œλ§Œ μ œκ³΅λ˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλŠ” μ‹œκ°„, 일, μ£Ό, μ›”, μ—°κ°„ 및 μž₯κΈ° λ‹¨μœ„μ˜ Energy Historyλ₯Ό 관리할 수 있으며 Web UIλ₯Ό 톡해 이λ₯Ό 확인할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ”°λΌμ„œ λ³„λ„μ˜ Cloud Databaseκ°€ 없어도 기본적인 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ μ‚¬μš© 좔이λ₯Ό λ‘œμ»¬μ—μ„œ 확인할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

🧩 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ Firmware, 두 κ°€μ§€ Network Configuration

Universal FirmwareλŠ” Wi-Fi와 optional W5500 Ethernet을 μ§€μ›ν•˜λ©°, λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ ꡬ성과 관계없이 λ™μΌν•œ μ• ν”Œλ¦¬μΌ€μ΄μ…˜ κΈ°λŠ₯을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ κ΅¬μ„±λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

πŸ”— κ΄€λ ¨ WIZnet Maker ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈ

  • OpenDTU-OnBatteryλŠ” ESP32와 W5500을 μ‘°ν•©ν•΄ μœ μ„  Ethernet으둜 슀마트 미터에 μ ‘κ·Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.  μ°¨μ΄μ μ€ λ²”μœ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€: OpenDTU-OnBatteryλŠ” 읽은 값을 λ°”νƒ•μœΌλ‘œ 인버터 좜λ ₯을 λŠ₯λ™μ μœΌλ‘œ μ œμ–΄ν•˜λŠ” 반면, IR Tracker Offline은 μ—„κ²©ν•˜κ²Œ 읽기 μ „μš©μ„ μœ μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
  • Power Monitoring β€” CircuitSetup 6채널 ESP32 μ—λ„ˆμ§€ λ―Έν„°  W5500을 톡해 MQTT 데이터λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 점은 μœ μ‚¬ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μΈ‘μ • 방식은 λ‹€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 차이점은 데이터 μΆœμ²˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€: IR Tracker Offline처럼 μœ ν‹Έλ¦¬ν‹° κ³„λŸ‰κΈ°μ˜ κ΄‘ν•™ SML/OBIS 좜λ ₯을 ν•΄μ„ν•˜λŠ” λŒ€μ‹ , μ»€μŠ€ν…€ λ³΄λ“œμ— μž₯착된 CT μ„Όμ„œλ‘œ μ „λ₯˜λ₯Ό 직접 μΈ‘μ •ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

IR Tracker Offline의 νŠΉμ§•μ€ 여기에 ν•˜λ‚˜μ˜ Meter Reading을 λ‹€μ–‘ν•œ Local API둜 λ™μ‹œμ— μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” κ΅¬μ‘°κΉŒμ§€ κ²°ν•©ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.

❓ FAQ

Q.이 ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ €λ©΄ ν΄λΌμš°λ“œ μ„œλΉ„μŠ€κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•œκ°€μš”? μ•„λ‹ˆμš”. λͺ¨λ“  SML/OBIS/IEC 62056-21 해석은 ESP32-C3μ—μ„œ 이루어지며, κΈ°κΈ°κ°€ μ œκ³΅ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  μΈν„°νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€(HTTP, MQTT, Prometheus, Influx, CSV)λŠ” 둜컬 λ„€νŠΈμ›Œν¬ μ•ˆμ˜ κΈ°κΈ°μ—μ„œ 직접 μ„œλΉ™λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Q. 이 νŽŒμ›¨μ–΄λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ €λ©΄ λ°˜λ“œμ‹œ W5500이 ν•„μš”ν•œκ°€μš”? μ•„λ‹ˆμš”. "μœ λ‹ˆλ²„μ„€" νŽŒμ›¨μ–΄λŠ” WLANλ§ŒμœΌλ‘œλ„ λ™μž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. W5500은 선택 사항이며, νŽŒμ›¨μ–΄κ°€ 링크λ₯Ό κ°μ§€ν•˜λ©΄ μžλ™μœΌλ‘œ μš°μ„  μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  WLAN은 μžλ™ 폴백으둜 λ‚¨μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Q. 제 κ³„λŸ‰κΈ°μ—μ„œλ„ L1/L2/L3, μ „μ••, μ „λ₯˜κ°€ ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λ‚˜μš”? μ‚¬μš© 쀑인 κ³„λŸ‰κΈ°κ°€ ν•΄λ‹Ή OBIS 값을 κ΄‘ μΈν„°νŽ˜μ΄μŠ€λ‘œ μ‹€μ œ μ „μ†‘ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°μ—λ§Œ ν‘œμ‹œλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€ β€” νŽŒμ›¨μ–΄λŠ” κ³„λŸ‰κΈ°κ°€ μ œκ³΅ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 데이터λ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚Ό 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Q. 이 트래컀둜 배터리, 인버터, λΆ€ν•˜ 차단 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ„ μ œμ–΄ν•  수 μžˆλ‚˜μš”? μ•„λ‹ˆμš” β€” 섀계상 읽기 μ „μš©μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 역솑전 μ œν•œ, μΆ©μ „ ν•œλ„, μŠ€μΌ€μ€„κ³Ό 같은 μ œμ–΄ λ‘œμ§μ€ 인버터, 배터리 μ‹œμŠ€ν…œ, λ˜λŠ” ν™ˆ μžλ™ν™” ν”Œλž«νΌμ— 맑겨야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Q. 이 νŽŒμ›¨μ–΄λ₯Ό μƒμ—…μš© μ œν’ˆμ— μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?  PolyForm Noncommercial 1.0.0 λΌμ΄μ„ μŠ€λ‘œ 배포되며,  μƒμ—…적 μ‚¬μš©μ€ μ œμ™Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

Q. 이더넷/PoE λ³΄λ“œλŠ” κ²€μ¦λœ ν•˜λ“œμ›¨μ–΄μΈκ°€μš”? νŽŒμ›¨μ–΄μ˜ W5500 지원 μžμ²΄λŠ” κ΅¬ν˜„λ˜μ–΄ μžˆμ§€λ§Œ, μ €μžμ— λ”°λ₯΄λ©΄ μ „μš© LAN/PoE 캐리어 λ³΄λ“œλŠ” 아직 μ‹€μ œ ν•˜λ“œμ›¨μ–΄λ‘œ κ²€μ¦λ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.


πŸ“Œ Smart Meter Data Without the Cloud

IR Tracker Offline is an ESP32-C3-based smart-meter monitoring project that reads data directly from the optical IR port of a household electricity meter and processes it locally.

SML/OBIS or IEC 62056-21/D0 telegrams are parsed directly on the device, eliminating the need for a cloud service to interpret or distribute the measurements.

The processed data can then be used simultaneously by the local Web UI, MQTT, Home Assistant, HTTP/JSON, CSV, Prometheus/OpenMetrics, InfluxDB, and other local integrations.

The overall architecture is straightforward:

Electricity Meter β†’ IR Interface β†’ ESP32-C3 β†’ Local Processing β†’ W5500 Ethernet / Wi-Fi β†’ Local Services

The parsed meter data is made available through multiple local interfaces.

πŸ“Œ Smart Meter Data Without the Cloud

πŸ” What Does the Meter Provide?

IR Tracker Offline reads either SML or IEC 62056-21/D0 data from the optical interface of the electricity meter.

Available measurements depend on the actual meter and its configuration.

For this reason, the firmware does not assume that every meter provides per-phase L1/L2/L3 values, voltage, current, or every possible OBIS field.

Those measurements are used only when the meter actually provides them.

This is an important implementation detail for a project intended to work with different real-world electricity meters.

The firmware also includes a diagnostic mechanism for installations where the IR receiver GPIO or baud rate is unknown. Rather than accepting a guessed configuration immediately, it confirms the interface after receiving a valid telegram.

πŸ”’ Read-Only by Design

IR Tracker Offline focuses on reading and distributing meter data.

It does not implement battery charging control, zero-export limiting, inverter control, or load scheduling.

Those decisions are left to Home Assistant, an inverter, an energy-management system, or another application consuming the tracker's data.

Separating meter acquisition from control keeps the role of the firmware clear and makes the tracker easier to integrate into different energy-management systems.

The same philosophy is also reflected in data history. Power and energy information can be retained for historical analysis, while instantaneous voltage and current values remain in RAM rather than being permanently stored in the history database.

βš™οΈ Where the W5500 Fits

The WIZnet W5500 provides an optional wired Ethernet path for the ESP32-C3.

One of the most interesting design choices is that the project does not maintain completely separate firmware builds for Wi-Fi and Ethernet operation.

The Universal Firmware can support either:

ESP32-C3 + Wi-Fi

or

ESP32-C3 + W5500 Ethernet + Wi-Fi Fallback

using the same application architecture.

When a usable W5500 Ethernet connection is present, the wired network becomes the preferred path, while Wi-Fi remains available as an automatic fallback.

This allows the application services to operate independently of the physical network interface currently carrying the traffic.

βš™οΈ Where the W5500 Fits

πŸ’‘ Why Is This Useful for a Smart Meter?

Smart meters are frequently installed in utility closets, basements, or metal meter cabinets where Wi-Fi reception can be unreliable.

Adding W5500 Ethernet gives the installation a wired alternative without removing Wi-Fi support.

When Ethernet is available, the tracker can use the wired network. If Ethernet is unavailable, Wi-Fi remains available as the alternative connection.

In other words, the W5500 does not replace the existing wireless architecture. It adds another network path to it.

The same approach can be useful in sensor gateways, building-automation devices, and other always-on IoT nodes where a wired connection is preferred but wireless connectivity is still useful as a backup.

🌐 One Meter Reading, Multiple Local Interfaces

A major strength of IR Tracker Offline is that it is not tied to a single smart-home platform.

The firmware exposes Shelly EM/Pro EM-compatible read endpoints, an EcoTracker-style /v1/json API, a neutral /api/v1/meter JSON/MQTT schema, Home Assistant MQTT Discovery, JSON/HTTP/CSV, Prometheus/OpenMetrics, and InfluxDB Line Protocol.

The concept is simple:

One Meter β†’ Multiple Local Interfaces

The same meter information can therefore be consumed by Home Assistant, an MQTT broker, monitoring software, or a custom local application without relying on a proprietary cloud backend.

πŸ“Š Local Energy History

The project provides more than real-time meter readings.

Energy data can be maintained at hourly, daily, weekly, monthly, yearly, and long-term levels and viewed through the local Web UI.

This allows basic energy-use analysis to remain entirely inside the local network without requiring an external cloud database.

🧩 One Firmware, Two Network Configurations

The interesting engineering point is not simply that the project uses a W5500.

It is that the application layer is largely independent of whether the device is currently communicating through Ethernet or Wi-Fi.

The Universal Firmware supports both Wi-Fi operation and optional W5500 Ethernet, allowing the same application features to be used with either network path.

πŸ”— Related WIZnet Maker Projects

  • OpenDTU-OnBattery pairs an ESP32 with a W5500 to reach smart meters (Shelly 3EM, SDM, PZEM) over a wired Ethernet connection. The difference is scope: OpenDTU-OnBattery actively controls inverter output based on what it reads, while IR Tracker Offline stays strictly read-only.
  • Power Monitoring β€” CircuitSetup 6-Channel ESP32 Energy Meter  It also focuses on energy monitoring rather than active control. The difference is the data source: it measures current directly via CT sensors on a custom board, rather than parsing a utility meter's own optical SML/OBIS output the way IR Tracker Offline does.

IR Tracker Offline adds another architectural difference by deliberately distributing one parsed meter reading through multiple local interfaces at the same time.

 

❓ FAQ

Q. Does this project require a cloud service? No. All SML/OBIS/IEC 62056-21 parsing happens on the ESP32-C3, and every interface it exposes (HTTP, MQTT, Prometheus, Influx, CSV) is served from the device on the local network.

Q. Do I need the W5500 to use this firmware? No. The "universal" firmware works over Wi-Fi alone. W5500 is an optional addition the firmware prefers automatically whenever it detects a link, with Wi-Fi remaining as the automatic fallback.

Q. Will my meter show L1/L2/L3, voltage, and current? Only if your specific meter transmits those OBIS values over its optical interface β€” the firmware can't produce data the meter doesn't provide.

Q. Can this tracker control my battery, inverter, or load-shedding setup? No β€” by design it's read-only. Control logic (zero-export limiting, charge limits, schedules) is left to your inverter, battery system, or home-automation platform.

Q. Can I use this firmware in a commercial product? The project is licensed under PolyForm Noncommercial 1.0.0, which does not grant commercial use.

Q. Is the Ethernet/PoE board proven hardware? The firmware's W5500 support is implemented, but per the author, the dedicated LAN/PoE carrier board has not yet been validated on real hardware.

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