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AstroWeatherStation

AstroWeatherStation is an observatory weather and safety system that locally evaluates conditions to protect remote telescopes and domes.

AstroWeatherStation

Components

Hardware components

WIZnet parts

Project description

Image generated by ChatGPT (OpenAI)
Image generated by ChatGPT (OpenAI)

๐Ÿ“Œ Overview

AstroWeatherStation์€ ์ฒœ๋ฌธ๋Œ€์— ์„ค์น˜๋˜์–ด ๊ด€์ธก ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ , ์•…์ฒœํ›„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ๊ณผ ๋”์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒยท์•ˆ์ „ ๊ด€์ธก ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋‚ ์”จ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๊ฐ•์šฐยทํ’์†ยทํ•˜๋Š˜ ๋ฐ๊ธฐ(SQM) ๋“ฑ ๊ด€์ธก ์žฅ๋น„ ์†์ƒ๊ณผ ์ง๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ ,  ์ด๋”๋„ท ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์ƒํƒœ ์ •๋ณด์™€ ์ธก์ • ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ESP32๋ฅผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์„ผ์„œยท์ „์›ยท๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌยท๋ฆด๋ ˆ์ด ์ œ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ณด๋“œ์— ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ด๋ฉฐ, 12V ๋ฐ PoE ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ“Œ Developer

AstroWeatherStation, ๐Ÿ“Œ Developer
AstroWeatherStation, ๐Ÿ“Œ Developer

์ถœ์ฒ˜: https://www.linkedin.com/in/franck-lesage-2a4a834/

AstroWeatherStation ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์ฒœ๋ฌธ ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ํƒœ์–‘๊ด‘ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์Šคํ…Œ์ด์…˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ทจ๋ฏธ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ดํ›„ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ ์šด์˜์ž์™€ ๊ณต๊ณต ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋กœ ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์š”๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚˜, ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋งž์ถคํ˜• ๋””๋ฐ”์ด์Šค ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐ ์ œ์ž‘ ์š”์ฒญ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • Sky Quality Meter(SQM)๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์Šคํ…Œ์ด์…˜
  • ๋ชจ๋กœ์ฝ” Oukaรฏmeden ์ง€์—ญ ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ ํŒœ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ SafetyMonitor ๋ฐ ๋” ์ œ์–ด ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์Šคํ…Œ์ด์…˜
  • ๊ณ ์ •ํ˜• ๋ฐ ์ด๋™ํ˜• GPS + Sky Quality Meter ์žฅ์น˜
  • ๋„์‹œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง์„ ์œ„ํ•œ Urban Ecology ์„ผ์„œ ์Šคํ…Œ์ด์…˜

๊ณ ๊ฐ์—๊ฒŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด LOADS.CH๋ผ๋Š” 1์ธ ๊ธฐ์—…์„ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•˜์˜€๊ณ , ์•„๋ž˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฃผ์š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ๋ฐ  ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

  • ๋ชจ๋กœ์ฝ” Oukaรฏmeden ์ฒœ๋ฌธ๋Œ€(โ€œAtlaskiesโ€)
  • ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค Strasbourg ์œ ๋Ÿฝ๋„์‹œ๊ถŒ(EuroMรฉtropole) โ€“ University of Strasbourg ์†Œ์† EvolVille ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ

๐Ÿ“Œ Features

  • ๊ด€์ธก ์•ˆ์ „ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์˜ ์„ผ์„œ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ: ์˜จ์Šต๋„/๊ธฐ์••/ํ’ํ–ฅํ’์†/๊ฐ•์šฐ + ๊ตฌ๋ฆ„(ํ•˜๋Š˜ ์˜จ๋„) + ์ผ์‚ฌ/์กฐ๋„ + SQM(ํ•˜๋Š˜ ๋ฐ๊ธฐ)๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฌถ์–ด โ€œ๊ด€์ธก ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ/์œ„ํ—˜โ€ ํŒ๋‹จ์— ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ณ€์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์ˆ˜์ง‘
  • ๊ฐ•์šฐ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋กœ์ง: ๋น„ ๊ฐ์ง€ ์‹œ ์•Œ๋žŒ ์ „์†ก ๋ฐ ๋” ์ œ์–ด(๋ฆด๋ ˆ์ด/์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋ ฅ) ๊ฐ™์€ ์šด์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํฌํ•จ(์›๊ฒฉ ๋ฌด์ธ ์šด์˜์— ์ ํ•ฉ)
  • ํ‘œ์ค€ ์—ฐ๋™(ASCOM ALPACA): ์ฒœ๋ฌธ ์ž๋™ํ™” ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด(์žฅ๋น„ ์ œ์–ด/๊ด€์ธก ์Šค์ผ€์ค„๋Ÿฌ)์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค ์ œ๊ณต
  • ์œ ์„  Ethernet(์˜ต์…˜) + PoE ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๊ณ ๋ ค: Wi-Fi๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ์˜ฅ์™ธ/์›๊ฒฉ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์œ ์„  ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ ์„ ํƒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ(12V/PoE ๋ณ€ํ˜•)
  • ์šด์˜ ํŽธ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ: ์„ค์ • UI, ํŽŒ์›จ์–ด ์—…๋ฐ์ดํŠธ/๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œ ๊ฐ™์€ ์šด์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ฝ”๋“œ/๋ฌธ์„œ์—์„œ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฃธ

๐Ÿ“Œ System Architecture

๐Ÿ“Œ System Architecture

์„ผ์„œ/์ž…๋ ฅ ๊ณ„์ธต

  • I2C/RS485/๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ์ž…๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ฒฝยท์ฒœ๋ฌธ ์„ผ์„œ ๋ฐ ๊ฐ•์šฐ/๋” ์ƒํƒœ ์‹ ํ˜ธ ์ˆ˜์ง‘

MCU ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ๊ณ„์ธต (ESP32)

  • ์„ผ์„œ ๊ฐ’์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•ด ์ƒํƒœ(์˜ˆ: rain_event, sky ์ƒํƒœ ๋“ฑ)๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ/์•Œ๋žŒ payload๋ฅผ JSON์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ

๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ณ„์ธต (Wi-Fi ๋˜๋Š” Ethernet)

  • ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ Wi-Fi STA/AP ๋˜๋Š” Ethernet๋กœ ์„œ๋น„์Šค ์ œ๊ณต

์„œ๋ฒ„/ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ ๊ณ„์ธต

  • ์„œ๋ฒ„๋Š” ํŒ๋‹จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์™€ ์ธก์ • ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ ยท์‹œ๊ฐํ™”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ๊ด€์ธก ์ž๋™ํ™” ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด(ALPACA)๊ฐ€ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์กฐํšŒยท์—ฐ๋™

๐Ÿ“Œ Role and Application of the WIZnet's Chip

์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ WIZnet ์นฉ: W5500

๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—์„œ์˜ ์—ญํ• :

  • ESP32์— ์œ ์„  Ethernet ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณต(์˜ต์…˜/PoE ๋ณ€ํ˜•์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ)
  • ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๋™์ž‘ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ธก์ • ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ/์•Œ๋žŒ์„ ์„œ๋ฒ„๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๋กœ(HTTP(S) ์ „์†ก)์— ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณต

๊ธฐ์ˆ ์  ์žฅ์ :

  • ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด TCP/IP ์˜คํ”„๋กœ๋”ฉ: TCP/UDP ๋“ฑ ์ฃผ์š” ํ”„๋กœํ† ์ฝœ์„ ์นฉ ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋กœ์ง์ด ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ โ†’ MCU ๋ถ€ํ•˜/๊ตฌํ˜„ ๋ณต์žก๋„ ๊ฐ์†Œ
  • SPI ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ฐ„๋‹จ ๊ฒฐ์„  + ์ตœ๋Œ€ 80MHz SPI: ์ž„๋ฒ ๋””๋“œ ๋ณด๋“œ์— ๋ถ™์ด๊ธฐ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ๋Ÿ‰ ํ™•๋ณด์— ์œ ๋ฆฌ
  • ๋™์‹œ 8 ์†Œ์ผ“ ์ง€์›: ์„ค์ • UI/ALPACA/๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์—…๋กœ๋“œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค์ค‘ ํ†ต์‹  ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์— ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์œ ๋ฆฌ

๐Ÿ“Œ Market & Application Value

์ฃผ์š” ์ ์šฉ ์‹œ์žฅ

  • ์›๊ฒฉ ์ฒœ๋ฌธ๋Œ€ / ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ ํ˜ธ์ŠคํŒ… ์‹œ์„ค
  • ๋Œ€ํ•™ยท์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ
  • ๋ฌด์ธ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ๋ชจ๋‹ˆํ„ฐ๋ง ์Šคํ…Œ์ด์…˜

์ œํ’ˆํ™” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ

  • ์‹ค์ œ 1์ธ ์‚ฌ์—…(LOADS.CH) ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ๊ฐ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ง„ํ–‰
  • Strasbourg ๋„์‹œ ์ƒํƒœ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ, ๋ง์›๊ฒฝ ํŒœ ์ ์šฉ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์กด์žฌ

๐Ÿ“Œ External Indicators

Github

https://github.com/switux/AstroWeatherStation/tree/main

  • GitHub ๊ณต๊ฐœ ์ง€ํ‘œ(์ €์žฅ์†Œ): Star 2, Fork 2, Commits 133 (ํ‘œ์‹œ ๊ธฐ์ค€)
  • ๋ฆด๋ฆฌ์Šค ์กด์žฌ: 3.0.1 โ€œbug fix releaseโ€๊ฐ€ ํƒœ๊ทธ/๋ฆด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋กœ ์ œ๊ณต๋จ(์œ ์ง€๋ณด์ˆ˜/๋ฐฐํฌ ํ”์ )
  • ์ด์Šˆ/๋งˆ์ผ์Šคํ†ค ์šด์˜ ํ”์ : ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ/๋ฒ„๊ทธ/์งˆ๋ฌธ ์ด์Šˆ์™€ ๋งˆ์ผ์Šคํ†ค(์˜ˆ: 3.0.0 Release) ์šด์˜์ด ํ™•์ธ๋จ

๐Ÿ“ŒWIZnet Strategic Value

"๊ด€์ธก์†Œ/์˜ฅ์™ธ ์ธํ”„๋ผโ€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ Wi-Fi๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ํ˜„์žฅ์—์„œ๋„, **W5500 ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์œ ์„  Ethernet(+PoE ๊ตฌ์„ฑ)**์œผ๋กœ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ IoT/์ œ์–ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‹ค์ฆ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ™•์žฅ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ:

  • ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ ์•ˆ์ „(๋”/์ „์›/ํžˆํ„ฐ/์ œ์Šต) ์ œ์–ด ํŒจํ‚ค์ง€
  • ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ โ†’ ๋Œ€์‹œ๋ณด๋“œ/์•Œ๋ฆผ(์Šฌ๋ž™/๋ฉ”์ผ) ์—ฐ๋™ ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ

์ž„๋ฒ ๋””๋“œ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ์Šคํ…Œ์ด์…˜ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ํ”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ALPACA(์ฒœ๋ฌธ ์žฅ๋น„ ํ‘œ์ค€) + ๋” ์•ˆ์ „ ์ œ์–ด + (์˜ต์…˜) W5500 ์œ ์„ /PoE ์กฐํ•ฉ์€ WIZnet Maker ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ โ€œํ˜„์žฅํ˜• ์ž๋™ํ™”/์•ˆ์ „โ€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋กœ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ™” ํฌ์ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ“Œ Summary

AstroWeatherStation์€ ์›๊ฒฉ ์ฒœ๋ฌธ ๊ด€์ธก์†Œ์˜ ์•ˆ์ „ ์šด์˜์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ, ESP32์— ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์„ผ์„œ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ์„œ๋ฒ„๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•˜๋ฉฐ, ASCOM ALPACA ํ‘œ์ค€ ์—ฐ๋™๊นŒ์ง€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. PoE/12V ๋ณ€ํ˜•์—์„œ WIZnet W5500์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ์œ ์„  Ethernet์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์„ค์น˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ†ต์‹  ์‹ ๋ขฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์ด ํŠน์ง•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ๋ถ€ ์ง€ํ‘œ(Star/Fork)๋Š” ํฌ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฆด๋ฆฌ์Šค/์ด์Šˆ/๋งˆ์ผ์Šคํ†ค ์šด์˜์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์‚ฌ์šฉ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์˜ ๊ฐœ์„  ํ๋ฆ„์ด ํ™•์ธ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๐Ÿ“Œ QnA

Q1: ์™œ ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” Wi-Fi ๋Œ€์‹  W5500 ์ด๋”๋„ท์„ ์“ฐ๋‚˜์š”?
A: ์›๊ฒฉ ์ฒœ๋ฌธ๋Œ€(๋”) ์šด์˜์šฉ ๊ธฐ์ƒ ๊ด€์ธก์€ โ€œ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ๋Š๊ธฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒโ€์ด ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ด๋ผ, ๋ฌด์„  ๊ฐ„์„ญ/์ „ํŒŒ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ์ขŒ์šฐ๋˜๋Š” Wi-Fi๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ ์„  ์ด๋”๋„ท์ด ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ๊ด€์ธก ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ/์•Œ๋žŒ์„ HTTP(S) JSON์œผ๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•˜๊ณ (ALPACA ์„œ๋ฒ„ ํฌํ•จ), ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฐฑํ™€์„ ์ „์ œ๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ๋Š” W5500 ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ SPI-Ethernet์ด โ€œํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ถ™์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌโ€๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

Q2: ESP32์— W5500์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”? (ํ•€/๋ฆฌ์…‹ ๊ด€์ )
A: W5500์€ SPI(MISO/MOSI/SCK/CS) ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์ด๋ผ ๋ฐฐ์„ ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฝ”๋“œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋”๋„ท ์ดˆ๊ธฐํ™” ๋ฃจํ‹ด์—์„œ ํŠน์ • GPIO๋ฅผ ์ถœ๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘๊ณ  HIGH๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ ค(๋ฆฌ์…‹/์ „์›/Enable ๊ณ„์—ด๋กœ ์“ฐ๋Š” ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ํŒจํ„ด) ์ด๋”๋„ท ๋ชจ๋“ˆ ๊ตฌ๋™์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, **SPI 4์„  + (CS) + (RST/INT ๋“ฑ ๋ณด์กฐ ์‹ ํ˜ธ)**๊นŒ์ง€ ํฌํ•จํ•ด โ€œ๋ถ€ํŒ… ์‹œ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์‚ด์•„๋‚˜๊ฒŒโ€ ๋ฐฐ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

Q3: ์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—์„œ W5500์€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์–ด๋–ค ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
A: W5500์€ โ€œ์„ผ์„œ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ/์•Œ๋žŒ์„ ์™ธ๋ถ€๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ์œ ์„  ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์ธํ„ฐํŽ˜์ด์Šคโ€ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. README์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์Šคํ…Œ์ด์…˜์€ ์•Œ๋žŒ์„ HTTPS ์—”๋“œํฌ์ธํŠธ๋กœ JSON ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ , ๊ด€์ธก ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋„ JSON์œผ๋กœ ์ „์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ASCOM ALPACA ์„œ๋ฒ„ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์›๊ฒฉ ์ฒœ๋ฌธ๋Œ€ ์šด์˜ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์กฐํšŒ/์ œ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ฒฝ๋กœ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋•Œ W5500 ์ด๋”๋„ท์€ Wi-Fi๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์ •ํ•œ ์„ค์น˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ๋„ ํ†ต์‹ ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

Q4: โ€œETH Started์—์„œ ๋ฉˆ์ถคโ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฆ์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฉด W5500์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜์‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
A: ์ด ์ €์žฅ์†Œ Discussion์—์„œ ์œ ์ง€๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋“ฏ, **โ€œETH Started์—์„œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋ฉด W5500 ๋ฐฐ์„  ๋ฌธ์ œ์ผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํฌ๋‹คโ€**๊ฐ€ 1์ˆœ์œ„ ์ฒดํฌ ํฌ์ธํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ธŒ๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ณด๋“œ/์ ํผ์„  ์ ‘์ด‰ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿ‰์ด ์›์ธ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , SPI ํด๋Ÿญ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถฐ(์˜ˆ: 18MHz) ์ž„์‹œ ์™„ํ™”ํ•˜๋˜ ๊ฑธ ๋‹ค์‹œ 25MHz๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋„ โ€œ๋ฐฐ์„ ์ด ํƒ„ํƒ„ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ž˜ ๋™์ž‘โ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ณต์œ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์€ **ํด๋Ÿญ ํŠœ๋‹๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ฐฐ์„ /์ ‘์ด‰ ํ’ˆ์งˆ(ํŠนํžˆ CS/RST/GND)**์„ ๋จผ์ € ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ์žฌํ˜„์„ฑ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 

Q5: W5500์„ ์“ฐ๋ฉด ESP-IDF/ESP32 ์ด๋”๋„ท ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด TCP/IP๋ฅผ ๋‹ค ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
A: ์ฐธ๊ณ ๋กœ Espressif์˜ W5500 ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ฌธ์„œ์—์„œ๋Š” **W5500์ด ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด TCP/IP ์Šคํƒ๊ณผ 32KB ๋‚ด๋ถ€ ๋ฒ„ํผ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ง€๋งŒ, ESP ๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ฒ„๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ•˜๋“œ์›จ์–ด TCP/IP ์Šคํƒ์„ โ€œ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š”๋‹คโ€**๊ณ  ๋ช…์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, โ€œW5500 = ๋ฌด์กฐ๊ฑด TCP/IP ์˜คํ”„๋กœ๋”ฉโ€์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค, ESP32 ์ชฝ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํ‚น ๊ตฌ์กฐ(๋“œ๋ผ์ด๋ฒ„/์Šคํƒ)์™€ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ๊ตฌํ˜„ ๋ฐฉ์‹์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด์ ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ W5500์€ SPI-Ethernet ๊ตฌํ˜„์„ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ๋ฐฐ์„ /๋งํฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ •์ ์ด๋ผ ์›๊ฒฉ ์„ค์น˜ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์šด์˜ ๋ฆฌ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์ค„์ด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‹ค์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.


๐Ÿ“Œ Overview

AstroWeatherStation is a weather and safety monitoring system installed at observatories to assess observing conditions in real time and protect telescopes and domes from severe weather.

Rather than simply recording weather data, it aims to collect in real time indicators that are directly related to potential damage to observational equipmentโ€”such as rainfall, wind speed, and sky brightness (SQM)โ€”and to deliver system status and measurement data to external systems over Ethernet.

The system is built around an ESP32, with sensors, power management, networking, and relay control integrated into a single board, and is designed to support both 12 V and PoE environments.

๐Ÿ“Œ Developer

AstroWeatherStation, ๐Ÿ“Œ Developer
AstroWeatherStation, ๐Ÿ“Œ Developer

Reference : https://www.linkedin.com/in/franck-lesage-2a4a834/

The AstroWeatherStation project originated as a personal hobby projectโ€”a solar-powered weather station for astronomical observatories.
As interest and requests from actual observatory operators and public projects increased, it has since expanded into custom device design and fabrication requests such as the following.

  • Weather stations including a Sky Quality Meter (SQM)
  • SafetyMonitor and dome control weather stations for telescope farms in the Oukaรฏmeden region of Morocco
  • Fixed and mobile GPS + Sky Quality Meter devices
  • Urban ecology sensor stations for urban environment monitoring

To provide services to customers, a sole proprietorship called LOADS.CH was established, and it has the following key users and customers.

  • Oukaรฏmeden Observatory (โ€œAtlaskiesโ€)
  • Strasbourg Eurometropolis (EuroMรฉtropole), France โ€“ EvolVille project of the University of Strasbourg

๐Ÿ“Œ Features

  • Observation-safety-focused sensor configuration:
    Collect all variables required to determine โ€œobservable / hazardousโ€ conditions in a single system, including temperature/humidity/pressure/wind direction & speed/rainfall, cloud cover (sky temperature), solar irradiance/illuminance, and SQM (sky brightness).
  • Rain-eventโ€“based protection logic: Includes operational functions such as sending alarms when rain is detected and controlling the dome (relay/status inputs), making it suitable for remote unmanned operation.
  • Standard integration (ASCOM ALPACA): Provides an interface that can connect with astronomical automation software (equipment control and observation schedulers).
  • Wired Ethernet (optional) + PoE configuration considered: Allows selection of wired connectivity in outdoor or remote environments where Wi-Fi is unstable (12 V / PoE variants).
  • Operational convenience features: Operational functions such as a configuration UI and firmware update/download are systematically addressed in the code and documentation.

๐Ÿ“Œ System Architecture

๐Ÿ“Œ System Architecture

Sensor / input layer

  • Collects environmental and astronomical sensor data, as well as rain and dome status signals, via I2C, RS485, and digital inputs.

MCU processing layer (ESP32)

  • Integrates sensor values to generate states (e.g., rain_event, sky status) and constructs data and alarm payloads in JSON format.

Network layer (Wi-Fi or Ethernet)

  • Provides services via Wi-Fi STA/AP or Ethernet depending on the environment.

Server / client layer

  • The server receives and visualizes decision results and measurement data, while astronomical automation software (ALPACA) queries and integrates system status.

๐Ÿ“Œ Role and Application of the WIZnet's Chip

WIZnet chip used: W5500

Role in the network:

  • Provides a wired Ethernet interface to the ESP32 (used in optional / PoE variants).
  • From a project operation perspective, it provides a stable link for sending measurement data and alarms to a server (via HTTP(S) transmission).

Technical advantages:

  • Hardware TCP/IP offloading: Major protocols such as TCP/UDP are handled by internal chip logic โ†’ reduced MCU load and implementation complexity.
  • Simple SPI-based connection + up to 80 MHz SPI: Easy to integrate into embedded boards and advantageous for achieving sufficient throughput.
  • Support for up to 8 simultaneous sockets: Structurally well suited for multi-communication scenarios such as configuration UI, ALPACA integration, and data uploads.

๐Ÿ“Œ Market & Application Value

Key target markets

  • Remote observatories / telescope hosting facilities
  • University and research institute observatories
  • Unmanned environmental monitoring stations

Productization potential

  • Customer projects carried out based on a real sole proprietorship (LOADS.CH)
  • Existing application cases in the Strasbourg urban ecology project and telescope farm deployments

๐Ÿ“Œ External Indicators

Github

https://github.com/switux/AstroWeatherStation/tree/main

  • GitHub public metrics (repository): Stars 2, Forks 2, Commits 133 (as displayed)
  • Releases available: Version 3.0.1 โ€œbug fix releaseโ€ provided as a tagged release (evidence of maintenance and distribution)
  • Issue / milestone management activity: Operation of feature, bug, and question issues, as well as milestones (e.g., 3.0.0 Release), is confirmed

๐Ÿ“ŒWIZnet Strategic Value

This is a demonstrated case showing that a stable IoT and control system can be built using W5500-based wired Ethernet (+ PoE configuration) even in field environments such as observatories and outdoor infrastructure where Wi-Fi is disadvantageous.

Expandability:

  • Observatory safety control packages (dome / power / heater / dehumidifier control)
  • Data collection โ†’ dashboard / alert (Slack / email) integration templates

While embedded weather stations themselves are common, the combination of ALPACA (astronomical equipment standard) + dome safety control + (optional) W5500 wired Ethernet/PoE becomes a differentiating point from a WIZnet Maker perspective as a โ€œfield-deployed automation and safetyโ€ use case.

๐Ÿ“Œ Summary

AstroWeatherStation is a project aimed at the safe operation of remote astronomical observatories, integrating various sensors on an ESP32, transmitting data to a server, and providing interoperability with the ASCOM ALPACA standard. By using the WIZnet W5500 to provide wired Ethernet in PoE/12V variants, it features a configuration that enhances communication reliability depending on the installation environment. Although external indicators (Stars/Forks) are modest, a practical, real-worldโ€“driven improvement cycle is evident through the operation of releases, issues, and milestones.

๐Ÿ“Œ QnA

Q1: Why does this project use W5500 Ethernet instead of Wi-Fi?
A: For weather monitoring used in remote observatory (dome) operations, the key requirement is โ€œnever losing the connection.โ€ Compared to Wi-Fi, which is affected by wireless interference and RF conditions, wired Ethernet is more advantageous. This project transmits observation data and alarms as HTTP(S) JSON (including an ALPACA server) and is designed with a stable backhaul in mind. In such environments, W5500-based SPI Ethernet is well suited for creating an โ€œalways-connected link.โ€

Q2: How should the W5500 be connected to the ESP32? (pin / reset perspective)
A: The W5500 uses an SPI interface (MISO/MOSI/SCK/CS), so wiring is simple. In this projectโ€™s code, during the Ethernet initialization routine, a specific GPIO is configured as an output and driven HIGH (a typical pattern used for reset/power/enable control) to ensure that the Ethernet module starts correctly. In other words, it is important to wire it so that it โ€œdefinitely comes up at boot,โ€ including the 4 SPI lines + CS + auxiliary signals such as RST/INT.

Q3: What exactly is the role of the W5500 in this project?
A: The W5500 serves as the wired network interface that sends sensor data and alarms to external systems. According to the README, the station sends alarms to HTTPS endpoints in JSON format and also transmits observation data as JSON. In addition, since ASCOM ALPACA server functionality is included, a network path is required for remote observatory management systems to query and control status. In this context, W5500 Ethernet becomes a core component that maintains communication even in installation environments where Wi-Fi is unstable.

Q4: If symptoms like โ€œstuck at ETH Startedโ€ appear, what should be checked first on the W5500?
A: As directly mentioned by the maintainer in the repositoryโ€™s Discussions, โ€œif it stops at ETH Started, a W5500 wiring issue is the most likely causeโ€ is the first checkpoint. In some cases, poor contact on breadboards or jumper wires was the cause. It was also shared that after temporarily lowering the SPI clock (e.g., to 18 MHz), raising it back to 25 MHz worked fine once the wiring was solid. The conclusion is that fixing wiring and contact quality (especially CS/RST/GND) is more effective for reproducibility than tuning the clock.

Q5: When using the W5500, does the ESP-IDF / ESP32 Ethernet driver fully utilize hardware TCP/IP offloading?
A: For reference, Espressifโ€™s W5500 driver documentation explicitly states that although the W5500 has a hardware TCP/IP stack and 32 KB internal buffer, the ESP driver does not use that hardware TCP/IP stack directly. In other words, it should not be assumed that โ€œW5500 = automatic TCP/IP offloadingโ€; the actual benefits depend on the ESP32 networking architecture (driver/stack) and the projectโ€™s implementation. That said, the W5500 still provides real value by enabling quick SPI-Ethernet integration and offering stable wiring and links, which reduce operational risk in remote installation environments.

 

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