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Published July 21, 2026 © MIT license (MIT)

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Embedded Beginner: Master Datasheets in 5 Mins with Pi Pico

A beginner-friendly breakdown of Raspberry Pi Pico's circuits: power, clock, BOOT, debug, and GPIO — understanding dev boards from hardware up.

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PROJECT DESCRIPTION

【Preliminary Note】The original hardware example in this article was written based on the RP2040. The actual hardware used in this hands-on demonstration features the W55RP20 as the main controller chip. The circuit logic and UF2 flashing operation principles are universally applicable, with only the main controller model differing. The original chip model mentioned in the circuit descriptions below is provided for reference purposes only.

Basic Parameters of the Pico Development Board

It adopts the RP2040 microcontroller chip independently designed by the official Raspberry Pi team;
Equipped with a dual-core ARM Cortex M0+ processor, it features a flexible clock with an operating frequency of up to 133MHz;
It features a built-in 264KB SRAM and 2MB on-chip flash, and adopts a stamp-hole design that can be directly soldered and integrated onto the baseboard independently designed by users.
USB 1.1 host and device support;
Supports low-power sleep and hibernation modes;
It can be recognized as a mass storage device via USB for drag-and-drop program download;
Up to 26 multifunctional GPIO pins:
23 digital pins;
3 analog ADC pins;
2 SPIs, 2 I2Cs, 2 UARTs, 3 12-bit ADCs, and 16 controllable PWM channels;
Accurate on-chip clock and timer;
Built-in temperature sensor on the chip;
On-Chip Accelerated Floating-Point Library
8 programmable I/O (PIO) finite-state machines for custom peripheral support
Flexible user-programmable high-speed IO
It can simulate interfaces such as SD card and VGA
3-pin ARM Serial Wire Debug (SWD) port
A simple yet highly flexible power supply architecture
Can be powered via Micro-USB
Can be powered by an external power supply/battery
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