--- title: "DEVELOPMENT OF SMART SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER USING IOT" url: "https://maker.wiznet.io/losel/projects/DEVELOPMENT-OF-SMART-SOLAR-CHARGE-CONTROLLER-USING-IOT-by-losel/" markdown_url: "https://maker.wiznet.io/losel/projects/DEVELOPMENT-OF-SMART-SOLAR-CHARGE-CONTROLLER-USING-IOT-by-losel/md" type: "UCC: User Created Content" author: "losel" original_author: "losel" original_url: "https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341725855_DEVELOPMENT_OF_SMART_SOLAR_CHARGE_CONTROLLER_USING_IOT" published: "2022-07-04" language: "en" hardware: ["Arduino UNO", "WIZnet W5100 ethernet shield", "LM 317", "IRF540 MOSFET"] likes: 0 views: 143 comments: 0 source: "WIZnet Makers (https://maker.wiznet.io/)" --- # DEVELOPMENT OF SMART SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER USING IOT > DEVELOPMENT OF SMART SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER USING IOT Original author: losel (source: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/341725855_DEVELOPMENT_OF_SMART_SOLAR_CHARGE_CONTROLLER_USING_IOT) ## Components - **Arduino UNO** x 1 ([docs](https://www.farnell.com/datasheets/1682209.pdf)) - **WIZnet W5100 ethernet shield** x 1 ([docs](https://www.wiznet.hk/en/open-source-hardware/102-w5100s-ethernetshield.html?search_query=W5100+ethernet+shield&results=84)) - **LM 317** x 1 - **IRF540 MOSFET** x 1 ## Article **Introduction** The second gargantuan nexus after the internet is wireless sensor networks (WSN), and it tiers as the first of the emanate technologies. Nowadays, it has been enlisted widely in the Internet of Things (IoT), primarily for abode framework scrutinize in manifoldfabrication environments, such as a greenhouse, tracking of water quality and so on. Typically, replaceable batteries can be expolited for power supply in WSN, where researchers have made strived to extricate the battery life time and on the other end assuage the power utilization of the nodes consistently hecatombs palavers like evaluations. The most concurrent power solidity of accessible battery technology cannot contest with the necessity of most WSN for an extensive lifetime. Moreover, there is a moderate probability that the preferable batteries for compact appliances will be accessible in the upcoming years. Solar charge controllers may be the most appropriate way to synthesize the flounder block of modeling WSN autonomous and capcitate the immeasurable utilization of these systems in numerous applications.[1] The energy storage prowess is classified in to two types i.e., super capacitors and rechargeable batteries. These two classes have pros and cons including energy storage mass, lifespan, expelling, drip and size and many more. Since super capacitors have remarkably stubby power density and greater leakage over than rechargeable batteries makes them not to be utilized in small scale applications. We employ a solar charge controller using lead-acid/lithium batteries as the storage.[2] The ripening of the charge controller is regulated considerably by the self-state of charging (SOC). It must be dodge that the battery always is in colossus SOC to augment battery lifetime, one example of which is recharging the battery until its voltage relinquish under a governed level should be taken care. The charging managements is typically engaged by microcontrollers for the bendability of software enthralling and enactment. But charge controllers controlled by software may have concrete execution problems in which augmentation may not work satisfactorily, and the controller could not be charged under apposite sunlight. In our proposed system, the charging management is executed by hardware rather codes synchronized within the microcontroller for contemplation of reliability.[3] The proposed system cynosure on efficient solar charge controller based on maximum power point tracking (MPPT) using IoT, which desires to deploythe solar power and takes the charge controller as supplementary under the state of meagre lighting. To elongate the charge controller life, an instinctive circuit has been proposed, which makes a battery to charge only when the battery voltage is less than the specified value and detach the battery from charging only when the battery voltage is more than the specified value and check the health monitoring conditions of the battery within the specified limits. The whole system is elucidated, built and tested on the (PCB) and the experimental results are unveiled on the web servers with the help of Wi-Fi (W5100) module which can be superintended remotely using laptops/cell phones. **Methodology** We had analysed an unstated amount of paucity in the encountered solar charge controller systems and then preserve the methodology and the hardware integrants of the proposed system.[5] Problems to be Scruitnized A solar charge controller is acutely propitious technologies towards the objective of the continualelucidation of IoT. Coevalprogressions have countenance renewable energy sources to be employed for IoT based exertion. perusing the efficacy of solar charge controllers there are few more attributes which could take care. 1. Aptness to deploy supplemental volume of solar energy is very paramountt. 2. To magnify the life of the battery as far as practicable, and retain the magnificent reproduction of battery, should be taken into preponderance, outmanoeuvrenumerous charging ? discharging cycles of battery or the battery is in the extended charging conditions. 3. Engross an unsophisticated and ingenious controller can lessen the impediments of system advancement, alleviate the power utilization and enlarges the fastness and reliability of the proposed system. Accord to the survey of the allied work researchers have proclaimed with favoured panacea to the above enumerated extremities. An energy saving solar charge controller is always procured by software, while in instances of utmost exile, the microcontroller itself may be powered off and cannot be started again even if there is adequate radiance, the foremost question, how could the battery be charged and the information is provided to the client about its status? In the proposed system we extremely kingpin on the execution of hardware perception of solar charge controller management process which would greatly increase the effectiveness of the system and bestows the unabridged data about the health status of the battery system. **Proposed System Construction** The proposed system is physically composed of solar panel, battery, the control circuit, Wi-Fi Module, Microcontroller and web servers (PhP). The control circuit is assimilated with solar MPPT module, charging circuit, over discharging circuit and a DC/DC module for battery. [1] In the proposed system the gadgets can frequently scrutinize the solar power tracking and modulating the nexus will accomodate in palliate the immoderate of energy. The proposed system is agileof corroborate diverse conditions of gadgets which are having the intelligibility of motley modules which are associated with solar charge controller will be served as IoT guided gadgets. I) W5100 Ethernet Shield (Web Server): W5100 is engrossed at diminutive power, abnormally energy prudency Ethernet shield which can be proficient at 5V. W5100 is an open source and programming can be done with the assistance of Arduino Uno. W5100 converse a nexus (IP) which is adept for both TCP and UDP, and it also performed for Php, Html, etc. and entitled as a underpin for permutate Application Program Interfaces. By exploiting W5100 Ethernet shield we can expeditiously typify topical servers which can be validated remotely by readdressing the uniform IP of the router.[4] II) Arduino UNO R3 (FDTI Panel): It is operated as FDTI panel with immaculate program into W5100 module. III) LM317 (Power Supply Module): It is a archetypal charge controller circuit which can be used as platform unfettered. This nexus is pliable betwixt 1.2V and 37V and acceptable to endow a current of 1.5A. The gadget independently apportions the input into the w5100 module and the Laptop/Cell Phone. The charge controller inputs are from outermost originators like solar panels which could be heterogeneous from 17V to 8V.[4] The power supply module is unsegregated with cumber indemnity and voltage regulators to erect the solar charge controllers which can be deployed without risk of error. IV) IRF540 MOSFET (switching device): The indispensable facet of engaging the IRF540 is homogeneous when it is executed on Cell phones/Laptops which may not be the case while maneuvering the relay as a switching device. The voltage rating of IRF540 is of 100V and current rating of 30A. [5] V) Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT Technique) The power garnered from the solar panel is a vindication of insolation preferment and temperature. At a stated steered condition, we posses a curve with voltage level sustainable by the panel for a distnicted value of current. The plot is termed as a characteristic plot by which we are able to extricate the power output with respect to the output current. We adpot the technique to find the current which needs to be disentangled so as to fix the runing point of the cell at its maximu point. The operating point of any source sink contraption is a convergence of load line with source charactreristic plot. MPPT is a DC-DC converter controlled through a schedule that authorizes spectualarthe photovoltaic operating point on the MPPT or closes it. In most of the case’s designer is obtrude to utilize a simple DC-DC converter. --- Source: https://maker.wiznet.io/losel/projects/DEVELOPMENT-OF-SMART-SOLAR-CHARGE-CONTROLLER-USING-IOT-by-losel/