--- title: "farm_env_sensor" url: "https://maker.wiznet.io/lawrence/projects/farm-env-sensor/" markdown_url: "https://maker.wiznet.io/lawrence/projects/farm-env-sensor/md" type: "UCC: User Created Content" author: "youngdongkim" author_url: "https://github.com/zeroistfilm/farm_env_sensor" editor: "WIZnet" editor_url: "https://maker.wiznet.io/" original_author: "youngdongkim" original_url: "https://github.com/zeroistfilm/farm_env_sensor" published: "2026-05-10" language: "en" tags: ["WizFi360-EVB-Pico", "Smart Farm", "AIoT", "W5100S-EVB-Pico"] hardware: ["WIZnet W5100S-EVB-Pico", "WIZnet WizFi360-EVB-Pico"] likes: 0 views: 517 comments: 0 source: "WIZnet Makers (https://maker.wiznet.io/)" --- # farm_env_sensor > farm_env_sensor Original author: youngdongkim (source: https://github.com/zeroistfilm/farm_env_sensor) ## Components - **WIZnet W5100S-EVB-Pico** x 1 ([docs](https://docs.wiznet.io/Product/Chip/Ethernet/W5100S/w5100s-evb-pico)) - **WIZnet WizFi360-EVB-Pico** x 1 ## Article ## Smart Farm Environment Monitoring with W5100S-EVB-Pico & WizFi360-EVB-Pico ### Overview This project demonstrates a **smart farm environmental monitoring system** built on the RP2040, using WIZnet's **W5100S-EVB-Pico** and **WizFi360-EVB-Pico** to transmit real-time sensor data over Ethernet and Wi-Fi. A Python logger on the PC side polls the sensor node via HTTP every second and stores readings into a CSV file for analysis. The system is especially suited for **livestock environments** (poultry, pig farms) where monitoring ammonia (NH3), fine dust (PM2.5), oxygen (O2), temperature/humidity, and animal weight is critical. > **GitHub:** --- ### Components | Component | Description | | --- | --- | | **WIZnet W5100S-EVB-Pico** | RP2040 + Hardwired TCP/IP Ethernet | | **WIZnet WizFi360-EVB-Pico** | RP2040 + WizFi360 Wi-Fi module | | NH3 Sensor | Ammonia gas (UART) | | PM2.5 Sensor (PMS series) | Fine dust (UART) | | Environmental Sensor | Temperature / Humidity (I2C 0x22) | | Gas Sensor | Composite gas (I2C 0x78) | | O2 Sensor | Oxygen concentration (I2C 0x72) | | BS-205 / BS-250 + CAS CI150A | Load cell for animal weight (UART) | | Arduino IDE + Python 3 | Firmware & data logging | --- ### System Architecture ![](https://maker.wiznet.io/upload/ckeditor5/138944300%5F1778492782%2Epng) --- ### Board Setup **For W5100S-EVB-Pico** — Arduino IDE → Preferences → Additional Board Manager URLs: ```plaintext https://github.com/WIZnet-ArduinoEthernet/arduino-pico/releases/download/global/package_rp2040-ethernet_index.json ``` **For WizFi360-EVB-Pico:** ```plaintext https://github.com/earlephilhower/arduino-pico/releases/download/global/package_rp2040_index.json ``` > ⚠️ The earlephilhower board manager also lists W5100S-EVB-Pico but is **not compatible** with its Ethernet functionality. Use the WIZnet-specific manager for the wired variant. --- ### Hardware Connections | Category | Protocol / Interface | Role | | --- | --- | --- | | WizFi360-EVB-Pico | Wi-Fi, TCP/IP, HTTP Server, JSON | Provides sensor data through `/` HTTP responses | | W5100S-EVB-Pico | Ethernet support mentioned in README | No clear Ethernet server implementation was confirmed in the code | | Sensors ↔ Pico | I2C, UART | Environmental/Gas/O₂ sensors use I2C, while PMS and Load Cell use UART | | PC/Python ↔ Board | HTTP GET | Collects JSON data using `requests.get("http://IP/")` | | Interface | TX | RX | Usage | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | Serial1 (UART0) | GP0 | GP1 | NH3 / PM2.5 sensor | | Serial2 (UART1) | GP8 | GP9 | Load cell | | Sensor | I2C Address | | --- | --- | | Environmental (Temp/Humidity) | `0x22` | | Gas sensor | `0x78` | | O2 sensor | `0x72` | --- ### Firmware Overview The core `WebServer_i2c` sketch reads all sensors and serves a JSON response over HTTP: ```cpp Serial1.begin(9600); // UART0: NH3 / PM2.5 Serial2.begin(9600); // UART1: Load cell Wire.begin(); // I2C: 0x22, 0x78, 0x72 // GET / → { "nh3": ..., "pm25": ..., "temp": ..., "o2": ..., "weight": ... } ``` Two deployment variants are included: - `w5500_BS250` — W5500 Ethernet + BS-250 load cell - `wizfi360_BS205` — WizFi360 Wi-Fi + BS-205 load cell --- ### Python Data Logger ```python import requests, time, datetime from csv import DictWriter import os def get_request(): response = requests.get('http://192.168.0.177/') data = response.json() data['time'] = datetime.datetime.now() with open("data.csv", 'a', newline='') as f: writer = DictWriter(f, fieldnames=data.keys()) if os.path.getsize('data.csv') == 0: writer.writeheader() writer.writerow(data) while True: get_request() time.sleep(1) ``` Polls the sensor node every second, timestamps each reading, and appends to `data.csv` — ready for Excel or any visualization tool. --- ### Why W5100S-EVB-Pico and WizFi360-EVB-Pico? #### W5100S: Hardwired TCP/IP offload Unlike most MCU networking solutions where the TCP/IP stack runs in software and competes for CPU time, the W5100S implements the **entire stack in hardware silicon**. For this project specifically, that means: - **Long-term stability** — Farm sensors run continuously for months. Software stacks can accumulate timing errors or memory issues over time; the hardwired engine simply stays up. - **CPU headroom** — The RP2040 simultaneously manages two UART streams and an I2C bus. Offloading TCP/IP to silicon ensures network handling never delays sensor reads. - **Consistent response time** — The Python logger polls every second. Hardware TCP/IP delivers deterministic latency that interrupt-driven software stacks cannot fully guarantee. #### W5100S-EVB-Pico: integration advantage Rather than wiring a separate W5100S module to a Pico over SPI, this board integrates both on a single PCB — fewer failure points, smaller footprint, and one power rail. The developer also noted in the README that the WIZnet-specific board manager must be used (not the generic earlephilhower one) to correctly enable the hardwired Ethernet peripheral. #### WizFi360-EVB-Pico: same codebase, no cables Running Ethernet across a large farm is often impractical. The WizFi360-EVB-Pico adds Wi-Fi while keeping the same RP2040 core and Arduino sketch structure — the sensor logic, pin assignments, and HTTP server code are nearly identical to the wired version. This dramatically reduces the effort of supporting both wired and wireless nodes in a single deployment. #### At a Glance | | W5100S-EVB-Pico | WizFi360-EVB-Pico | | --- | --- | --- | | Connectivity | Wired Ethernet (RJ45) | Wi-Fi 802.11 b/g/n | | TCP/IP | Hardwired silicon | AT command (WizFi360) | | CPU overhead | Near zero | Low | | Best for | Fixed nodes, stable environment | Field nodes, no cable runs | | Shared RP2040 + sketch base | ✅ | ✅ | --- ### Use Cases - 🐄 **Livestock farms** — NH3, PM2.5, O2, temperature, weight monitoring - 🌿 **Greenhouses** — Climate and air quality control - 🏭 **Industrial** — Wired Ethernet for 24/7 reliable deployment - 🔬 **Research / Lab** — Wireless portable setup --- ### References - GitHub: - W5100S-EVB-Pico Board Manager guide: - WizFi360-EVB-Pico Getting Started: - WIZnet Docs: --- *Tags: W5100S-EVB-Pico, WizFi360-EVB-Pico, RP2040, Smart Farm, IoT, Environmental Sensor, NH3, PM2.5, Arduino, WebServer* --- Source: https://maker.wiznet.io/lawrence/projects/farm-env-sensor/